primary prevention of coeliac disease - Associazione Italiana ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

80 GENETICALLY DETOXIFIED GRAINS I STEP Production of HMW & LMW glutenins without any gliadin contamination III STEP Testing the rheologic functions of pure glutenins (in in vitro experiments) to confirm that elasticity is mainly ensured by them II STEP Testing HMW & LMW glutenin toxicity in in vitro & in vivo feeding studies IV STEP Integrating genes of HMW glutenins and promoters into maize by the biolistic method Fig. 4. A multistep approach to obtain genetically detoxified wheat suitable for baking. vivo on coeliac volunteers (Fig. 4). If the hypothesis of safety of HMW glutenins is confirmed, experiments should be planned to confirm the rheologic fractions of these pure fractions and that elasticity is mainly ensured by them. In that case viscous function could be maintained by proteins other than gliadins. Accordingly, the final step would be the introduction of HMW genes to improve baking quality in grains safe for CD patients, such as maize, rice and sorghum. This aim is not an easy one. However, it could be attempted in parallel with targeted inactivation of gliadins genes, a procedure requiring more preliminary information and less likely to lead to the production of acceptable baked goods. Acknowledgements The authors are in debt with Dr. Donald D Kasarda (US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA), Dr. Herbert Wieser (German Research Institute of Food Chemistry, Garching, Germany), Dr. Frederik W Janssen (Insp. of Health Protection, Zutphen, The Netherlands), Dr. Rita Redaelli (Istituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura, Bergamo, Italy) for their helpful suggestions and with Associazione Italiana Celiachia for financial support. References 1. Wieser H. The precipitating factor in coeliac disease. Bailliere Clin Gastroenterol 1995;9:191-207. 2. Shewry PR, Tatham AS, Kasarda DD. Cereal proteins and coeliac disease. In: MN Marsh, ed. Coeliac disease. London: Blackwell Scientific 1992;305-48.
GENETICALLY DETOXIFIED GRAINS 81 3. Kasarda DD. Gluten and gliadin: precipitating factors in coeliac disease. In: Coeliac disease. Mäki M, Collin P, Visakorpi JK (eds). Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Coeliac Disease. September 5-7, 1996, Tampere, Finland. Tampere: Coeliac Disease Study Group; 1997 pp. 91-9. 4. Shewry PR, Tatham AS, Forde BG et al. The classification and nomenclature of wheat gluten proteins: a reassessment. J Cereal Sci 1986;4:97-106. 5. Wieser H, Seimeier W, Belitz H-D. Klassifizierung der Proteinkomponenten des Weizenklebers. Getreide Mehl Brot 1991;45:35-8. 6. Kasarda DD. Glutenin structure in relation to wheat quality. In: Pomeranz Y, ed. Wheat is unique. St. Paul: AACC, 1989:277-302. 7. Wieser H, Belitz H-D. Coeliac active peptides from gliadin: large-scale preparation and characterization. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und- Forschung 1992;193:428-32. 8. Vader W, Kooy Y, van Veelen P, de Ru A, Harris D, Benckhuijsen W. The gluten response in children with celiac disease is directed towards multiple gliadin and glutenin peptides. Gastroenterology 2002;122: 1729-37. 9. Martucci S, Corazza GR. Spreading and focusing of gluten epitopes in celiac disease. Gastroenterology 2002;122:2072-5. 10. Payne PI. Genetics of wheat storage proteins and the effect of allelic variation on bread-making quality. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 1987;38:141-53. 11. Pogna N. Genetic improvement of plant for coeliac disease. Probiotics & Prebiotics New Foods, Rome: Università Urbaniana, 2001: 155-9. 12. Anderson OD, Litts JC, Greene FC. The a-gliadin gene family. I. Characterization of ten new wheat a-gliadin genomic clones, evidence for limited sequence conservation of flanking DNA, and Southern analysis of the gene family. Theor Appl Genet 1997;95:50-8. 13. Anderson OD, Greene FC. The a-gliadin gene family. II. DNA and protein sequence variation, subfamily structure, and origins of pseudogenes. Theor Appl Genet 1997;95:59-65. 14. D'Ovidio R, Tanzarella OA, Masci S, Lafiandra D, Porceddu E. RFLP and PCR analyses at Gli-1, Gli-2, Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci in cultivated and wild wheats. Hereditas 1992;116:79-85. 15. Kasarda DD, Qualset CO, Mecham DK, Goodenberger DM, Strober W. A test of toxicity of bread made from wheat lacking a-gliadin coded for by the 6A chromosome. In: Mc Nicholl B, Mc Carthy CF, Fottrell PF, eds. Perspective in celiac disease. Lancaster: MPT Press, 1978:55-61. 16. Ciclitira PJ, Hunter JO, Lennox ES. Clinical testing of bread made from nullisomic 6A wheats in coeliac patients. Lancet 1980;ii:234-6. 17. Frisoni M, Corazza GR, Lafiandra D, De Ambrogio E, Filipponi C, Bonvicini F, et al. Wheat deficient in gliadins: promising tool for treatment of coeliac disease. Gut 1995;36:375-8. 18. Jones L. Genetically modified foods. BMJ 1999;318:581-4. 19. Vasil V, Srivastava V, Castillo AM, Fromm ME, Vasil IK. Rapid production of transgenic wheat plants by direct bombardment of cultured immature embryos. Biol Technology 1993;11:1553-8. 20. Voinnet O, Pinto YM, Baulcombe DC. Suppression of gene silencing: a general
Page 1:
Perspectives on Coeliac Disease Vol
Page 4:
The AIC Meeting was held in the Aul
Page 8 and 9:
Italian Coeliac Society, Via Picott
Page 11 and 12:
Preface Coeliac disease (CD) is a u
Page 13:
Contents Current understanding of t
Page 16 and 17:
2 THE BASIS OF COELIAC DISEASE hapl
Page 18 and 19:
4 THE BASIS OF COELIAC DISEASE 1 pr
Page 20 and 21:
6 THE BASIS OF COELIAC DISEASE spre
Page 22 and 23:
8 THE BASIS OF COELIAC DISEASE Ackn
Page 24 and 25:
10 THE BASIS OF COELIAC DISEASE glu
Page 27 and 28:
Catassi C, Fasano A, Corazza GR (ed
Page 29:
T CELL RESPONSES TO GLUTEN PEPTIDES
Page 32 and 33:
18 A DOMINANT EPITOPE IN GLUTEN PEP
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
28 ROLE OF A-GLIADIN 31-49 PEPTIDE
Page 45 and 46: Catassi C, Fasano A, Corazza GR (ed
Page 47 and 48: COELIAC DISEASE IN THE SAHARAWI 33
Page 55: COELIAC DISEASE IN THE SAHARAWI 41
Page 58 and 59: 44 INFANT FEEDING PRACTICES AND COE
Page 66 and 67: Age (years) 52 INFANT FEEDING PRACT
Page 76 and 77: 62 MECHANISMS OF ORAL TOLERANCE the
Page 78 and 79: 64 MECHANISMS OF ORAL TOLERANCE pot
Page 80 and 81: 66 MECHANISMS OF ORAL TOLERANCE Epi
Page 82 and 83: 68 MECHANISMS OF ORAL TOLERANCE typ
Page 84 and 85: 70 MECHANISMS OF ORAL TOLERANCE 51
Page 86 and 87: 72 MECHANISMS OF ORAL TOLERANCE 23.
Page 91 and 92: GENETICALLY DETOXIFIED GRAINS 77 to
Page 93: • • GENETICALLY DETOXIFIED GRAI
Page 99 and 100: IMMUNOTHERAPY OF COELIAC DISEASE 85
Page 101 and 102: IMMUNOTHERAPY OF COELIAC DISEASE 87
Page 105 and 106: RECENT ADVANCES ON GLUTEN TOXICITY
Page 107 and 108: Index A Antiendomysium antibodies (
Page 109: INDEX 95 W Wheat, 7, 23, 27, 31, 53
show all

primary prevention of coeliac disease - Associazione Italiana ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?