Summary of Research Findings

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Cardiovascular Research (continued) 6. Title Indigenous Free Radical Scavenger MAK-4 and MAK-5 in Angina Pectoris. Is it Only a Placebo? Publication Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, Vol. 42, No. 6, pp. 466-467, 1994. Authors J. Dogra,* N. Grover,* P. Kumar,* and N. Aneja.** Conducted at **Department of Medicine, C.G.H.S., Jaipur, India **SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India Summary Thirty patients were evaluated to study the effect of Maharishi Amrit Kalash (MAK-4 and MAK-5) on angina pectoris. The mean angina frequency per month was 8.87. Twelve lead ECG, computerized TMT and echo studies were done initially, at 6 months, and after 2 years in all cases. Ten grams of MAK-4 paste was given daily in two divided doses, each followed by a MAK-5 tablet, for six months. Vasodilator and antihypertensive drugs were continued on ethical grounds. Twenty-four patients (80%) of the total 30 reported a significant improvement after 6 months of therapy. The mean angina frequency per month improved from 8.87 to 3.03 (p
Cardiovascular Research (continued) 7. Title Effect of Maharishi AK-4 [MAK-4] on H 2 O 2 -induced Oxidative Stress in Isolated Rat Hearts Publication Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 56, pp. 215-222, 1997. Authors William J. Cullen,* Scott A. Dulchavsky,* Thomas P.A. Devasagayam,* B.V. Venkataraman,** Saradindu Dutta.† Conducted at **Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA **Department of Pharmacology, St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore – 560 034, India † Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA Summary Oxidative damage to crucial biomolecules due to excess generation of reactive oxygen species has been implicated as a major cause of organ damage, and hence compounds capable of negating such damage have potential benefits. Using hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) as a model pro-oxidant to induce oxidative stress, we have examined the ability of the natural food supplement Maharishi Amrit Kalash (MAK-4) to decrease oxidative damage in potassium-arrested isolated rat hearts. The protocol was that hearts isolated from male Sprague- Dawley rats were retrograde-perfused with Krebs-Henseleit (K-H) solution for 30 min for equilibration. After this period, the hearts were subjected to cardioplegia with high potassium (26-30 mM), followed by reperfusion with K-H solution in the presence or absence of 200 uM H 2 O 2 . As expected, H 2 O 2 treatment following cardioplegia induced a high degree of oxidative stress as assessed by release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, a marker of plasma membrane damage) and total glutathione (GSH + GSSG). H 2 O 2 also impaired the ability of the heart to regain developed tension during the testing period. However, addition of MAK-4 in the perfusate containing H 2 O 2 decreased oxidative stress in terms of release of LDH and glutathione. In parallel with these biochemical studies, in a few experiments the cardiac function was assessed by measuring developed contractile tension. These preliminary studies also showed that in the presence of MAK-4, the H 2 O 2 -treated hearts were able to regain better-developed tension. Further in vitro studies to examine the possible mechanisms of MAK-4 action reveal that this formulation contains H 2 O 2 binding activity, which resulted in the decreased availability of H 2 O 2 itself. Our studies hence reveal that the ayurvedic food supplement MAK-4 may have potential benefits in reducing oxidative stress. (See charts on next page.) 50
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