The Border of Farming and the Cultural Markers - Nordlige Verdener

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78 Fojut, N. forthcoming: The Stourbrough Hill Hoard and other Polished Stone ‘Knives’ from Shetland. Hedges, J.W., & Parry, G.W. 1980: ‘A Neolithic multiple burial at Sumburgh Airport, Shetland’, Glasgow Archaeological Journal 7: 15-26. Hunter, J. 2007: Excavations at Pool, Sanday. A multi-period settlement from Neolithic to Late Norse times. Investigations in Sanday, Orkney 1. Kirkwall / Edinburgh: Orcadian Ltd. / Historic Scotland. Renfrew, C. 1977: Alternative Models for Exchange and Spatial Distribution, T.K. Earle, T. K., & EricsonJ. E. (eds.), Exchange Systems in Prehistory. Studies in Archaeology, 71-90. New York: Academic Press. Ritchie, R. 1992: Stone Axeheads and Cushion Maceheads from Orkney and Shetland: Some Similarities and Contrasts, Sharples, N. & A. Sheridan, A. (eds.), Vessels for the Ancestors. Essays on the Neolithic of Britain and Ireland in honour of Audrey Henshall, 213-220. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. Högberg, A., & Olausson, D. 2007: Scandinavian Flint – an Archaeological Perspective. Aarhus: Aarhus Universitetsforlag. Kindgren, H. 1991: Kambrisk flinta och etniska grupper i Västergötlands senmesolitikum, Browall, H., Persson, P and Sjögren, K. G. (eds.), Västsvenska stenåldersstudier, vol. 1. Gotarc, serie c, Arkeologiska skrifter 8, 71-110. Göteborg: Institutionen för arkeologi, Göteborgs universitet. Moore, H. and Wilson, G. 2011: Shifting Sands. Links of Noltland, Westray: Interim Report on Neolithic and Bronze Age Excavations, 2007-09. Archaeology Report 4. Edinburgh: Historic Scotland. Schneiderman-Fox, F., & Pappalardo, A.M. 1996: A Paperless Approach Toward Field Data Collection: An Example from the Bronx. Society for American Archaeology Bulletin 14.1. [http://www. saa.org/publications/saa bulletin] Scott, D.D., & Thiessen, T.D. 2005: Catlinite Extraction at Pipestone National Monument, Minnesota: Social and Technological Implications. Topping, P., & Lynott, M. (eds.), 2005: The Cultural Landscape of Prehistoric Mines, Oxford, Oxbow Books: 140-154. Topping, P. 2005: Shaft 27 Revisited: An Ethnography, Topping, P., & Lynott, M. (eds.), 2005: The Cultural Landscape of Prehistoric Mines, Oxford, Oxbow Books: 63-93.
79 Axes from islands: the role of stone axeheads from insular sources in the Neolithic of Ireland and Britain Gabriel Cooney Introduction A notable feature of the Neolithic (4000- 2500 cal BC) of northwest Europe is the exploitation of lithic sources on islands for the production of stone axeheads and other artifacts. Examples include Hespriholmen in western Norway (Alsaker 1987; Bergsvik 2006), Helgoland (Germany) off the coast of Denmark (e.g. Wentink 2006) and sites on the Channel Islands (Patton 1991). This paper focuses on work being carried out by the author and colleagues on three such islands; Lambay (source: porphyry) in the Irish Sea off the east coast of Ireland, Rathlin (source: porcellanite) in the North Channel off the northeast coast of Ireland and the island group of Shetland (source: felsite) between the North Atlantic and the North Sea. The evidence from quarry sites on these islands will be used to discuss the significance of island stone quarries and the distribution of objects from these sources as an aspect of the introduction of farming and the development of Neolithic societies in the Irish Sea Zone and North Atlantic. Relevant issues to be considered include the date at which organized quarrying commenced, production processes and the spatial location of different stages of production. These issues will be linked to the examination of the extent and character of the distribution of axeheads from the sources and the social networks involved. Lambay, local lives and wider landmarks Lambay is located about 11 km north of the peninsula of Howth, which forms the northern edge of Dublin Bay, and 8 km from the nearest part of the Dublin coast- Nordlige Verdener Shetlandsprojekt
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The Border of Farming and the Cultu
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Contents • Foreword H. C. Gulløv
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different parts of Scandinavia and
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7 2011; Melton 2008; 2009; Melton &
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9 consists of just a handful of sma
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11 Fig. 1: Possibly the earliest me
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13 knives, found in a long ‘knoll
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15 Fig. 4: Potsherds from Modesty.
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17 settlement was not recorded in d
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19 Among the many outstanding quest
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21 Fig. 7: Undecorated, uncarinated
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23 Fig. 8: Top: cushion macehead, S
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25 carbon dates suggest that House
Page 29 and 30: 27 monument (Henshall 1963) - which
Page 31 and 32: 29 Fig. 10: Notional sequence of fu
Page 33 and 34: 31 it is anticipated that the resea
Page 35 and 36: 33 zons. Papers Presented at the Se
Page 37 and 38: 35 RCAHMS (Royal Commission on the
Page 39 and 40: 37 Pinhoulland - a multi period sit
Page 41 and 42: 39 general which could be interpret
Page 43 and 44: 41 Fig. 3: Map of the area around P
Page 45 and 46: 43 Most of the house structures are
Page 47 and 48: 45 Photo Ditlev L. Mahler. Jarlshof
Page 49 and 50: 47 ± 1 15 14 1 16 18 13 17 12 7 9
Page 51 and 52: ± 49 14 15 16 13 18 14 15 16 17 13
Page 53 and 54: 51 Bennett, K. D. et al. 1992: Holo
Page 55 and 56: 53 Sacred Work: Cultivating the soi
Page 57 and 58: 55 Photographs by the author. Fig 4
Page 59 and 60: 57 Fig. 7: Shetland spade from the
Page 61 and 62: 59 The significance of agrarian too
Page 63 and 64: 61 Lamb, R. & Rees, S. 1981: Ard Cu
Page 65 and 66: 63 like that of Schneiderman-Fox &
Page 67 and 68: 65 Fig. 3: Shetland knife workshop
Page 69 and 70: 67 a list of rituals to be carried
Page 71 and 72: 69 (hollow-edged), profile category
Page 73 and 74: 71 35 30 TN - far from Bømlo 25 20
Page 75 and 76: Cambrian flint Southern Scottish ch
Page 77 and 78: 75 flint and some Arran pitchstone,
Page 79: 77 [http://www.sair.org.uk/sair17/i
Page 83 and 84: 81 material but there were a couple
Page 85 and 86: 83 A centre of island life, axe pro
Page 87 and 88: 85 dal 1998: 61). It is clear that
Page 89 and 90: 87 as larger ones were being produc
Page 91 and 92: 89 the tool pre-forms or rough-outs
Page 93 and 94: 91 During September 2011, following
Page 95 and 96: 93 Fig. 11: Knive workshop at easte
Page 97 and 98: 95 support a symbolic interpretatio
Page 99 and 100: 97 farming: an extended broad spect
Page 101 and 102: 99 Ritchie, P.R. 1992: Stone axehea
Page 103 and 104: 101 Age societies reached this poin
Page 105 and 106: 103 F. Kaul Photo. Culture. In Sout
Page 107 and 108: 105 monumental passage tombs, a sma
Page 109 and 110: 107 F. Kaul Photo. Fig. 6: Dæmpe g
Page 111 and 112: 109 Fig. 7: Plan drawing of the mul
Page 113 and 114: 111 Fig. 11: Tulach an t-Sionnaich,
Page 115 and 116: 113 Among the remarkably few horned
Page 117 and 118: 115 Fig. 14: Plan drawing of the Ne
Page 119 and 120: 117 just before the time when the C
Page 121 and 122: 119 Bibliography Andersen, S.H. & J
Page 123 and 124: 121 Madsen, A.P., 1896: Gravhøje o
Page 125 and 126: 123 Norway - the first remains of f
Page 127 and 128: 125 Fig. 4: The northernmost house
Page 129 and 130: 127 Børsheim 2005: 115, 116 fig. 4
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129 scarce in Norway, and they are
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131 Bibliography Arntzen, J. 2010 a
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133 Introduction As introduced else
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135 Generally we speak of six diffe
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137 earlier. In this respect the co
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139 coming up the British West coas
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141 Grønnow, B. 2004: Saqqaqkultur
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143 The heel shaped cain on the isl
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The Border of Farming and the Cultural Markers - Nordlige Verdener

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