The Border of Farming and the Cultural Markers - Nordlige Verdener

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90 Fig. 9: Palimpset with multiple episodes of quarried blocks, Beorgs of Uyea. Photo: Gabriel Cooney
91 During September 2011, following up on earlier reconnaissance work, selected areas of North Roe were inspected as part of the definition and planning of a project investigating Neolithic felsite quarrying in North Roe. The foci of this project will be: felsite quarrying technology and organization; felsite blank, preform and tool technology and organization; felsite exchange within North Roe/Shetland, and beyond; dating the exploitation of felsite; and finally, building on the evidence-base of the project, the social role of felsite in Neolithic Shetland. As previous years’ archaeological activity in North Roe (Ballin 2011a; 2011b) had shown that felsite dykes in the central (Lakelands) parts of the peninsula had been prospected by prehistoric people, but not subjected to organized exploitation, work focused on selected locations on the Beorgs of Uyea ridge (northern North Roe) and along the elongated summit of Midfield (southern North Roe) east of Ronas Hill. Scrutiny of axehead and knife rough-outs and production waste, as well as the different types of felsite available in the selected areas, indicates that axeheads and Shetland knives were manufactured in both locations. However, it was also possible to characterize the two areas as having different potential value for archaeological investigation. The Beorgs of Uyea, for example, is defined by extensive exploitation, probably over a prolonged period of time, and the deposits of quarrying waste have a clear palimpsest appearance (Fig. 9). By contrast, the Midfield summit, or ridge, is characterized by the presence of many discrete, probably single-event, workshops and clusters of workshops. Looking at Midfield in more detail, it was possible to define two main areas of activity, associated with two parallel felsite dykes. Midfield 1 (western dyke) is characterized by two main quarry pits and one main large workshop, probably representing repeated exploitation (although not to a degree comparable to that seen at the Beorgs), relating to combined axehead and knife production. Midfield 2 (eastern dyke), on the other hand, is characterized by four or five quarry pits along a felsite outcrop (Fig. 10), with discrete, probably single-event workshops, located on either side of the dyke. This eastern dyke follows the landscape contours, and workshops defined by coarse waste from axehead production were found on the eastern (downslope) side of the dyke, whereas workshops defined by finer waste from knife production were found on the western (up-slope) side of the dyke (Fig. 11). The Midfield 2 quarry pits and workshops have been identified as an initial Nordlige Verdener Shetlandsprojekt
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The Border of Farming and the Cultu
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Contents • Foreword H. C. Gulløv
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different parts of Scandinavia and
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7 2011; Melton 2008; 2009; Melton &
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9 consists of just a handful of sma
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11 Fig. 1: Possibly the earliest me
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13 knives, found in a long ‘knoll
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15 Fig. 4: Potsherds from Modesty.
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17 settlement was not recorded in d
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19 Among the many outstanding quest
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21 Fig. 7: Undecorated, uncarinated
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23 Fig. 8: Top: cushion macehead, S
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25 carbon dates suggest that House
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27 monument (Henshall 1963) - which
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29 Fig. 10: Notional sequence of fu
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31 it is anticipated that the resea
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33 zons. Papers Presented at the Se
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35 RCAHMS (Royal Commission on the
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37 Pinhoulland - a multi period sit
Page 41 and 42: 39 general which could be interpret
Page 43 and 44: 41 Fig. 3: Map of the area around P
Page 45 and 46: 43 Most of the house structures are
Page 47 and 48: 45 Photo Ditlev L. Mahler. Jarlshof
Page 49 and 50: 47 ± 1 15 14 1 16 18 13 17 12 7 9
Page 51 and 52: ± 49 14 15 16 13 18 14 15 16 17 13
Page 53 and 54: 51 Bennett, K. D. et al. 1992: Holo
Page 55 and 56: 53 Sacred Work: Cultivating the soi
Page 57 and 58: 55 Photographs by the author. Fig 4
Page 59 and 60: 57 Fig. 7: Shetland spade from the
Page 61 and 62: 59 The significance of agrarian too
Page 63 and 64: 61 Lamb, R. & Rees, S. 1981: Ard Cu
Page 65 and 66: 63 like that of Schneiderman-Fox &
Page 67 and 68: 65 Fig. 3: Shetland knife workshop
Page 69 and 70: 67 a list of rituals to be carried
Page 71 and 72: 69 (hollow-edged), profile category
Page 73 and 74: 71 35 30 TN - far from Bømlo 25 20
Page 75 and 76: Cambrian flint Southern Scottish ch
Page 77 and 78: 75 flint and some Arran pitchstone,
Page 79 and 80: 77 [http://www.sair.org.uk/sair17/i
Page 81 and 82: 79 Axes from islands: the role of s
Page 83 and 84: 81 material but there were a couple
Page 85 and 86: 83 A centre of island life, axe pro
Page 87 and 88: 85 dal 1998: 61). It is clear that
Page 89 and 90: 87 as larger ones were being produc
Page 91: 89 the tool pre-forms or rough-outs
Page 95 and 96: 93 Fig. 11: Knive workshop at easte
Page 97 and 98: 95 support a symbolic interpretatio
Page 99 and 100: 97 farming: an extended broad spect
Page 101 and 102: 99 Ritchie, P.R. 1992: Stone axehea
Page 103 and 104: 101 Age societies reached this poin
Page 105 and 106: 103 F. Kaul Photo. Culture. In Sout
Page 107 and 108: 105 monumental passage tombs, a sma
Page 109 and 110: 107 F. Kaul Photo. Fig. 6: Dæmpe g
Page 111 and 112: 109 Fig. 7: Plan drawing of the mul
Page 113 and 114: 111 Fig. 11: Tulach an t-Sionnaich,
Page 115 and 116: 113 Among the remarkably few horned
Page 117 and 118: 115 Fig. 14: Plan drawing of the Ne
Page 119 and 120: 117 just before the time when the C
Page 121 and 122: 119 Bibliography Andersen, S.H. & J
Page 123 and 124: 121 Madsen, A.P., 1896: Gravhøje o
Page 125 and 126: 123 Norway - the first remains of f
Page 127 and 128: 125 Fig. 4: The northernmost house
Page 129 and 130: 127 Børsheim 2005: 115, 116 fig. 4
Page 131 and 132: 129 scarce in Norway, and they are
Page 133 and 134: 131 Bibliography Arntzen, J. 2010 a
Page 135 and 136: 133 Introduction As introduced else
Page 137 and 138: 135 Generally we speak of six diffe
Page 139 and 140: 137 earlier. In this respect the co
Page 141 and 142: 139 coming up the British West coas
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141 Grønnow, B. 2004: Saqqaqkultur
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143 The heel shaped cain on the isl
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The Border of Farming and the Cultural Markers - Nordlige Verdener

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