usaid/nambia environmental threats and opportunities assessment

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Illustrative Outline: a) Introduction, describing the biophysical/human/economic contexts, environmental laws, policy and institutions, overview of environmental programs and initiatives, and the purpose of the present review b) An overview of the state of the natural resources, including forests and terrestrial biodiversity, aquatic ecosystems, and agricultural resources c) An analysis of past and current initiatives in Namibia d) Climate Change section e) Health section f) Opportunities and entry points for USAID/Namibia, including integrated threats analysis, optimal results areas, analysis of legal requirements under the FAA, interventions of other donors, recommendations of environmental experts and recommendations of opportunities and entry points. g) All references used and cited in the report, including Web URLs, people consulted, and their institutional affiliation, endangered and protected species and authors’ biographical data. Other references such as the SOW for the analysis, other background or supporting material, including maps and photographs should be included. Copies of key documents, maps and images, and copies of photographs obtained during the assessment should also be appended in a CDROM with electronic versions of written materials. 5. EXPERTISE REQUIRED A multi-person team with the following composition and expertise is required to conduct this analysis: International Technical Assistance (1 person): o Senior Level Natural Resources and Environmental Management Specialist with postgraduate qualifications in biology, zoology, forestry or closely related field in natural resource management or natural resource economics. o Background in tropical biodiversity and natural resource conservation. o Experience in integrating health, environment, population and poverty reduction issues. o Knowledge of USAID Strategic Planning process related to Environmental Threats and Opportunities Assessment and Tropical Forestry and Biodiversity (FAA Sections 118 and 119). o Knowledge of 22 CFR 216 and of FAA 117. o Demonstrated expertise in assessing development programs for impacts on environment and tropical ecosystems. o Demonstrated expertise in the design and production of environmental impact assessments (EIA). o Experience in Southern African region and in Namibia desirable. 92 USAID/NAMIBIA ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS AND OPPORTUNITIES ASSESSMENT
Local Technical Assistance (1 person). 6. DELIVERABLES o Senior Level Natural Resources and Environmental Management Specialist or Environmental Policy Analyst with demonstrated experience in Namibian natural resource management. o General knowledge of Namibian land use, wildlife, forestry, marine fisheries, coastal management, tourism, water, and indigenous natural products sectors, and the relationships of climate change and health to these various sectors. o Good contacts within Namibian government agencies, international and in-country NGOs, international donors, and private sector preferred. The main deliverable is an Assessment Report (40 to 60 pages without appendices) for USAID/Namibia that examines the environmental threats and opportunities, the biodiversity and the tropical forests conservation and other environmental and human welfare management related issues and identifies contributions and/or potential contributions to meeting identified environmental needs by the Mission’s operational plans. Other deliverables are the following: Oral in-briefing shortly after arrival and debriefing within five working days preceding the departure date. The team shall meet with USAID/Namibia to provide them with a brief of the report findings. The exit brief shall be accompanied by a presentation and short written summary of initial key findings and recommendations. Following a two week comment and review period, a revised final report incorporating all comments will be submitted within five weeks of the field work. Three copies of the bound final draft and an electronic copy will be made available when the final report is approved by the Mission. 7. ANTICIPATED LEVEL OF EFFORT The consultancy will be carried out within the period of September 15, 2010 through October 31, 2010. About 15 days will be in-country, 30 days will be for preparation and wrap-up, and 3 days for travel. The international consultant will oversee the work of the local-hire consultant. The international consultant will work under the technical direction of the Africa Bureau Environmental Officer and the United States Forest Service Africa Program Coordinator. The Senior Regional Environmental Officer based at USAID/Southern Africa and the USAID/Namibia Mission Environmental Officer (MEO) will have an advisory role. 8. SCHEDULE AND LOGISTICS The team will coordinate logistical arrangements with the USAID/Namibia Mission Environmental Officer and the MEO will accompany the team on site visits. The Mission will assist the team by providing key references and contacts as well as logistical support where necessary. USAID/Namibia’s Program Office will also help facilitate meetings with other Mission SO Team Leaders or their staff to fully brief the team on USAID's program and future vision for their strategy. Field work in Namibia will take place from September 27, 2010 to October 8, 2010. The report is due within 5 weeks after the field work. USAID/NAMIBIA ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS AND OPPORTUNITIES ASSESSMENT 93
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USAID/NAMBIA ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS
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USAID/NAMIBIA ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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ACRONYMS AALS ART BCLME BMC CBM CBN
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NCA NDP NGO NNF NNFU NPC NPP NSF NW
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A group of resourc
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PURPOSE OF THIS ASSESSMENT This doc
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TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY AND TROPIC
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Another potential impact is the CO
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In addition to the overexploitation
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understanding the perspectives of c
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C. METHODOLOGY This assessment was
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The HIV/AIDS epidemic Natural disas
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TOURISM AND WILDLIFE Tourism in Nam
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An underlying cause of increasing H
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Infant mortality as well as under-f
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Figure 3: Levelsels of school enrol
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3. THE LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONA
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land that was previously used only
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Overall, land productivity, particu
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Marine fisheries are regulated by t
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Figure 5: Namibia’s major biomes
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espectively of their areas protecte
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development of business skills and
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Increasing aridification and a grad
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THREAT: POORLY PLANNED RESETTLEMENT
Page 56 and 57: Nine of the 15 southern African bre
Page 58 and 59: Figure 8: Main fishinging areas and
Page 60 and 61: MAJOR THREAT 2. ONSHORE AND OFFSHOR
Page 62 and 63: Deep-sea mining and diamond dredgin
Page 64 and 65: Increases in frequency and intensit
Page 66 and 67: Catchment issues (mainly pollution
Page 68 and 69: Figure 11. Surface and groundwater
Page 70 and 71: small irrigation projects. Wetlands
Page 72 and 73: Local Authorities (also in MRLGHRD)
Page 74 and 75: MAJOR THREAT 6. CLIMATE CHANGE Base
Page 76 and 77: fenced off informally and illegally
Page 78 and 79: Figure15: Average carrying capacity
Page 80 and 81: VALUE OF RANGELAND PRODUCTS Livesto
Page 82 and 83: MAJOR THREAT 5. BUSH ENCROACHMENT I
Page 84 and 85: Figure 17. Distribution of forests
Page 86 and 87: inadequate. About 50 species of pla
Page 88 and 89: Threats Population growth and pover
Page 90 and 91: 5. CONCLUSIONS Despite some shortfa
Page 92 and 93: Focus in the northwest should be on
Page 94 and 95: RECOMMENDATION: LAND-USE ZONATION E
Page 96 and 97: RECOMMENDATION: DEVELOP SUSTAINABLE
Page 98 and 99: Water and Forestry Debra Mosel Assi
Page 100 and 101: actions meet those needs. By mandat
Page 102 and 103: training led to an 8 percent averag
Page 104 and 105: pollution) to which they and humans
Page 108 and 109: 9. SELECTED REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Page 110 and 111: AR4 spatial pattern that suggests m
Page 112 and 113: The findings by Turpie et al 2010 c
Page 114 and 115: Increasing human-wildlife conflict.
Page 116 and 117: Batty M, Tjipute M, Sowman M, Cardo
Page 118 and 119: Cury, P., & Roy, C. 1989. Optimal e
Page 120 and 121: Hulme, M. (Ed.). 1996. Climate chan
Page 122 and 123: Namibian National Biodiversity Prog
Page 124 and 125: Resources in Southern Africa: Studi
Page 128: U.S. Agency for International Devel
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