usaid/nambia environmental threats and opportunities assessment

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Cury, P., & Roy, C. 1989. Optimal environmental window and pelagic fish recruitment success in upwelling areas. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 46: 670-680. Dalal-Clayton, B. & Child, B. 2003. Lessons from Luangwa – The Story of the Luangwa Integrated Resource Development Project, Zambia. Wildlife and Development Series 13, International Institute for Environment and Development, London, UK. Dalal-Clayton, B., Dent, D., & Dubois, O. 2003. Rural Planning in Developing Countries - Supporting Natural Resource Management and Sustainable Livelihoods. A publication for International Institute for Environment and Development. Earthscan Publications Ltd. London, UK. De Klerk, N. 2004. Bush encroachment in Namibia. Ministry of Environment and Tourism. de Wit, M. & Stankiewicz, J. 2006. Changes in surface water supply across Africa with predicted climate change. Science 311:1917-1921. Dewdney, R. 1996. Policy Factors & Desertification – Analysis & Proposals. DRFN, NAPCOD programme. Dirkx, E., Hager, C., Tadross, M., Bethune, S. & Curtis, B. 2008. Climate change Vulnerability & Adaptation Assessment Namibia. Desert Research Foundation of Namibia. DRFN. 2007. Baseline survey of the livelihood situation on the resettlement farms of Drimiospsis, Skoonheid and Donkerbos/Sonneblom in the Omaheke Region and #Arovlei in the Khomas Region. Prepared for the Livelihood Support Program (LISUP) on resettlement farms in Omaheke and Khomas Regions. Gobabis/Windhoek. May-June 2007. Ellis, S., Croxall, J.P., and Cooper, J. 1998. Penguin Conservation Assessment and Management Plan. Report. IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, Apple Valley, MN 55124 USA. Fitter, J., Kruger, B., Fuller, B., Hangula, L. and Seely, M. 1996. Namibian case study. In: Global Change and subsistence rangelands in southern Africa: The impacts of climatic variability and resource access on rural livelihoods. GCTE Working Document no. XXX, Gaberone Botswana. GIWA. 2005. Global International Waters Assessment Benguela Current Regional assessment # 44. University of Kalmar on behalf of United Nations Environment Programme Contributors: Prochazka, K., Davies, B., Griffiths, C., Hara, M., Luyeye, N., O’Toole, M., Bodenstein, J., Probyn, T., Clark, B., Earle, A., Tapscott, C. and Hasler, R. GRN. 2008. Third National Development Plan (NDP3) 2007/2008 - 2011/12 Volume I Executive Summary WINDHOEK 2008 ISBN: 978-0-86976-778-8 EAN: 978086976. Office of the Prime Minister. Hampton, I., Boyer, D.C., Penney, A.J., Pereira, A.F., and Sardinha, M. 1999. Integrated Overview of Fisheries of the Benguela Current Region: Thematic Report No:1 Synthesis and Assessment of Information on BCLME: March 1999, UNDP, Windhoek, Namibia, 87 pp. Harring, S.L and Odendaal, W. 2002. “One day we will all be equal…”A sociolegal perspective on the Namibian Land reform and Resettlement process. Legal Assistance Centre. Harring, S.L and Odendaal, W. 2007. An assessment of the expropriation principle and its impact on land reform in Namibia. The Land , Environment and Development (LEAD) project, Legal Assistance Centre. Hewitson, B., Engelbrecht, F., Tadross, M. & Jack, C. 2005. General Conclusions on Development of Plausible Climate Change Scenarios for Southern Africa. In: Schulze, R.E. (Ed) Climate Change and 104 USAID/NAMIBIA ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS AND OPPORTUNITIES ASSESSMENT
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USAID/NAMBIA ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS
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USAID/NAMIBIA ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS
Page 7 and 8:
TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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ACRONYMS AALS ART BCLME BMC CBM CBN
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NCA NDP NGO NNF NNFU NPC NPP NSF NW
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A group of resourc
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PURPOSE OF THIS ASSESSMENT This doc
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TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY AND TROPIC
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Another potential impact is the CO
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In addition to the overexploitation
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understanding the perspectives of c
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C. METHODOLOGY This assessment was
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The HIV/AIDS epidemic Natural disas
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TOURISM AND WILDLIFE Tourism in Nam
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An underlying cause of increasing H
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Infant mortality as well as under-f
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Figure 3: Levelsels of school enrol
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3. THE LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONA
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land that was previously used only
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Overall, land productivity, particu
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Marine fisheries are regulated by t
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Figure 5: Namibia’s major biomes
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espectively of their areas protecte
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development of business skills and
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Increasing aridification and a grad
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THREAT: POORLY PLANNED RESETTLEMENT
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Nine of the 15 southern African bre
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Figure 8: Main fishinging areas and
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MAJOR THREAT 2. ONSHORE AND OFFSHOR
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Deep-sea mining and diamond dredgin
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Increases in frequency and intensit
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Catchment issues (mainly pollution
Page 68 and 69: Figure 11. Surface and groundwater
Page 70 and 71: small irrigation projects. Wetlands
Page 72 and 73: Local Authorities (also in MRLGHRD)
Page 74 and 75: MAJOR THREAT 6. CLIMATE CHANGE Base
Page 76 and 77: fenced off informally and illegally
Page 78 and 79: Figure15: Average carrying capacity
Page 80 and 81: VALUE OF RANGELAND PRODUCTS Livesto
Page 82 and 83: MAJOR THREAT 5. BUSH ENCROACHMENT I
Page 84 and 85: Figure 17. Distribution of forests
Page 86 and 87: inadequate. About 50 species of pla
Page 88 and 89: Threats Population growth and pover
Page 90 and 91: 5. CONCLUSIONS Despite some shortfa
Page 92 and 93: Focus in the northwest should be on
Page 94 and 95: RECOMMENDATION: LAND-USE ZONATION E
Page 96 and 97: RECOMMENDATION: DEVELOP SUSTAINABLE
Page 98 and 99: Water and Forestry Debra Mosel Assi
Page 100 and 101: actions meet those needs. By mandat
Page 102 and 103: training led to an 8 percent averag
Page 104 and 105: pollution) to which they and humans
Page 106 and 107: Illustrative Outline: a) Introducti
Page 108 and 109: 9. SELECTED REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Page 110 and 111: AR4 spatial pattern that suggests m
Page 112 and 113: The findings by Turpie et al 2010 c
Page 114 and 115: Increasing human-wildlife conflict.
Page 116 and 117: Batty M, Tjipute M, Sowman M, Cardo
Page 120 and 121: Hulme, M. (Ed.). 1996. Climate chan
Page 122 and 123: Namibian National Biodiversity Prog
Page 124 and 125: Resources in Southern Africa: Studi
Page 128: U.S. Agency for International Devel
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