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References EIA 2006, Annual Energy Outlook 2006, AOE2006, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC. EIA 2007a, Annual Energy Outlook 2007, AOE2007, DOE/EIA-0383(2007), EIA, Office of Integrated Analysis and Forecasting, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC. http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/ftproot/forecasting/0383(2007).pdf EIA 2007b, Short-Term Energy Outlook, EIA website release, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC. http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/steo/pub/contents.html Energy Strategies 2005, Estimating Abatement from State & Territory action under the National Greenhouse Strategy, Phase 2 Final Report (prepared in association with George Wilkenfeld and Associates, NIEIR and RPM), AGO, Canberra. Faber, J, Boon, B, Berk, M, den Elzen, M, Olivier, J and Lee, D 2007, ‘Climate Change Scientific Assessment and Policy Analysis’, Aviation and maritime transport in a post 2012 climate policy regime, Report 500102 008 (CE report 06.7153.59), Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Forster, Shine and Stuber 2006, ‘It is premature to include non-CO 2 effects of aviation in emission trading schemes’, Atmospheric Environment, 40, 1117–1121, Elsevier Ltd, UK. Fuglestvedt, Berntsen, Godal, Sausen, Shine and Skodvin 2001, ‘Assessing metrics of climate change: Current methods and future possibilities’, CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research) Report 2001:04, Oslo, Norway; with a later version submitted to Climatic Change. Fuglestvedt, J S, Isaksen, I S A and Wang, W-C 1996, ‘Estimates of Indirect Global Warming Potential for CH 4 , CO and NO x ’, Climatic Change, 34, 404–437. IPCC 1990, Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. IPCC 1996, Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change, Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the IPCC, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. IPCC 1997, Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, IPCC/OECD/IEA, Paris. IPCC 1999, Aviation and the Global Atmosphere, IPCC.http://www.grida.no/climate/ ipcc/aviation/index.htm IPCC 2001, Climate Change 2001: Working Group I: The Scientific Basis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/index.htm IPCC 2007a, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) by Working Group 1 (WG1), Chapter 2 (‘Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing’), IPCC, Geneva. http://ipcc-wg1.ucar.edu/wg1/ wg1-report.html IPCC 2007b, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Summary for Policymakers, IPCC, Geneva. 129
BITRE | Working paper 73 Jacobson, M Z 2002, ‘Control of fossil-fuel particulate black carbon plus organic matter, possibly the most effective method of slowing global warming’. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107, (D19), 4410, doi:10.1029/2001JD001376. Jardine, C N 2005, Calculating the Environmental Impact of Aviation Emissions, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, UK. Johnson, C E and Derwent, R G 1996, ‘Relative Radiative Forcing Consequences of Global Emissions of Hydrocarbons, Carbon Monoxide and NO x from Human Activities Estimated with Zonally-averaged Two-dimensional Model’, Climate Change, 34, 439–462. Litman, T 2009, Transportation Elasticities, How Prices and Other Factors Affect Travel Behavior, Victoria Transport Policy Institute (VTPI), BC, Canada. http://www.vtpi.org/ elasticities.pdf NGGIC 1998a, Workbook for Transport (Mobile Sources), Workbook 3.1 (reprinted revision 1 with supplements), AGO, Canberra. NGGIC 1998b, Workbook for Fuel Combustion Activities (Stationary Sources), 1998 Supplement, Supplement to NGGIC Workbook 1.1, AGO, Canberra. NGGIC 2005, Australian Methodology for the Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2003, Energy (Transport), AGO, Canberra. NGGIC 2006a, Australian Methodology for the Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2005, Energy (Transport), AGO, Canberra. NGGIC 2006b, Australian Methodology for the Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2005, Energy (Stationary sources), AGO, Canberra. NGGIC 2006c, Australian Methodology for the Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2004: States and Territories, AGO, Canberra. NGGIC 2007, Australian Methodology for the Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2006, Energy (Transport), Department of Climate Change, Canberra. http://www.climatechange.gov.au/inventory/methodology/pubs/methodologytransport2006.pdf OECD 2006, Decoupling the Environmental Impacts of Transport from Economic Growth, OECD, Paris. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/3/52/37722729.pdf Ramanathan, Ramana, Roberts, Dohyeong Kim, Corrigan, Chul Chung & Winker 2007, ‘Warming trends in Asia amplified by brown cloud solar absorption’, Nature 448, 575–578 (2 August 2007), doi:10.1038/nature06019, Accepted 13 June 2007, Nature Publishing Group, UK. Reddy, M S & Boucher, O 2007, ‘Climate impact of black carbon emitted from energy consumption in the world’s regions’, Met Office Hadley Centre, Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 34, Issue 11, CiteID L11802. RET 2008, Australian Petroleum Statistics, RET, Canberra. 130
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Greenhouse gas emissions from Austr
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ISSN 1440-9707 ISBN 978-1-921260-32
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At a glance • This paper presents
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Figures Figure ES1 Figure ES2 Figur
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Tables Table ES1 Table 1.1 Table 1.
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Table A9 Table A10 Table A11 Table
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Executive summary This report prese
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Executive summary that of Base Case
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Executive summary • the treatment
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Executive summary Table ES1 Emissio
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Executive summary Figure ES2 Compar
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Chapter 1 Aggregate base case proje
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Chapter 1 | Aggregate base case pro
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Chapter 2 Projections by transport
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Chapter 2 | Projections by transpor
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BITRE | Working paper 73 price proj
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BITRE | Working paper 73 the high p
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BITRE | Working paper 73 The NGGI e
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BITRE | Working paper 73 Table 3.1
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Chapter 4 Sensitivity analyses The
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Chapter 4 | Sensitivity analysis Ta
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Chapter 4 | Sensitivity analysis Fi
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Chapter 5 Projection and estimation
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Chapter 5 | Projection and estimati
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Page 164 and 165: Abbreviations 4WD AAA ABARE ABS AGO
Page 166: Abbreviations MVEm Motor Vehicle Em
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