OF THE ROGER N. CLARK

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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY A VISUAL ATLAS OF DEEP-SKY OBJECTS • • • • • • • w • • .. ,. ·0 • • • • • " . • • -- 100' -- • • • • Photograph oJ NGC 7000. North is up. (Courtesy Ron Pearson.) Scale: 25. arc-min/cm 60mm f/5 refractor 38mm Erfle (7.9X) Drawing oJ NGC 7000. Viewing Distance (cm) 1 X: 138 5X: 28 8X: 17 IOX: 14 15X: 9 20X: 7 air mass: 1 .11, faintest star: 11 at zenith, 8x; no tracking 10/8/83 7: 10-7:40 UT at Waianae ranch, Hawaii; R. Clark 228 229
-- MI5 (NGC 7078), GLOBULAR CLUSTER IN PEGASUS R.A. 21h 30.0m, Dec. 12° 10' (2000.0) VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY Technical. MI5 is an unusual globular cluster in that it is the only one known to contain a planetary nebula. The cluster was discovered by J. D. Maraldi in 1746, but it was not until 1927 that the small planetary (K 648) was found, by F.G. Pease on photographs made with the WO-inch Mount Wilson reflector. The nebula seems definitely to be a true member of MI5. The reason only one planetary nebula is known among the millions of stars in globular clusters is that planetary nebulae are extremely short-lived compared with the age of the ancient stars that populate the globulars. MI5 also contains an X-ray source. Some astronomers have suggested that this source at the core of the cluster, is a black hole. I mass is thought to be about 800 suns. The cluster is 30 000 to 40 000 light-years away, and its total luminosity is about 200 000 times that of the Sun. It is about 130 light-years in diameter. 15 is one of the brightest globulars VtSua ' orthern sky. With a total magnitude In . ilie n . 5 it can be seen by the unaided eye of cl6 . , un er e r b ' h ID arc-minutes yields a mean sunace rig t- f 20. 1 magnitudes per square arcness 0 . . h b . h secon cl near the c.enter. . . . A VISUAL ATLAS OF DEEP-SKY OBJECTS xcellent conditions. Its size of about - though of course It IS muc rig ter MI5 is very rich, wJt ItS tars tightly k cl So it takes a medIUm-Size telescope p ac e . to e h 'n good skies the best view was at 188 x. WC I ' At this power the cluster was resolved and b gin resolving the stars. Through the 8- the stars appeared like many pinpoints. In the drawing the brighter stars are positioned correctly; the many faint ones are placed only to show the overall impression. The center of the cluster is very bright, with the intensity decreasing rapidly outward. The small planetary nebula is magnitude 13.8 and only one arc-second across; I can find no reports of it ever having been seen visually. • t' . , . ... - .:. ' ._ ' ., ' .' r, .._ .. ', . .< . ' . . ., ,'.. .. ..- . -"' . . .' _ c·-::
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OF THE ROGER N. CLARK
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Published by Sky Publishing Corpora
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CONTENTS M78 (NGC 2068) NGC 207 1,
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PREFACE During research for this bo
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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY AB
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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY TH
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.. .. .. .. VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE
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e viewed with enough magnification
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lens and a piano-convex eye lens. A
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controlled depends on how many laye
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The Lumicon H-Beta Filter (Figure 3
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every 1 ° in declination and 4 min
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error of only one quarter the field
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Table 4.1. Ideal limiting magnitude
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5 Making drawings and keeping recor
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more detail in the future. They add
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.. .. .. ... Contrast (C) C Log(C)
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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY A
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--- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SK
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--- M76 (NGC 650-651), PLANETARY NE
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-- -- M45, THE PLEIADES OPEN CLUSTE
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-- Brightest stars of the Pleiades
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M42 (NGC 1976), M43 (NGC 1982), THE
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--- --- --- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE
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-- --- NGC 2023 NGC 2024, IC 434 (T
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--- --- M78 (NGC 2068), NGC 2071, D
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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY --
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--- M67 (NGC 2682), OPEN CLUSTER IN
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-- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY
Page 71 and 72: --- -- M82 (NGC 3034), PECULIAR GAL
Page 73 and 74: -- --- --- MI05 (NGe 3379) NGe 3384
Page 75 and 76: -- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY
Page 77 and 78: MI09 (NGe 3992), GALAXY IN URSA MAJ
Page 79 and 80: -- --- M99 (NGC 4254), GALAXY IN CO
Page 81 and 82: == -- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP
Page 83 and 84: --- --- -- NGC 4449, GALAXY IN CANE
Page 85 and 86: -- -- --- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE D
Page 87 and 88: --- -- M90 (NGC 4569), GALAXY IN VI
Page 89 and 90: --- -- M94 (NGC 4736), GALAXY IN CA
Page 93 and 94: -- VISUAL ASTRON0MY OF THE DEEP SKY
Page 95 and 96: -- --- -- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE D
Page 97 and 98: -- -- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP
Page 99 and 100: --- -- M83 (NGC 5236), GALAXY IN HY
Page 103 and 104: VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY A
Page 107 and 108: --- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SK
Page 109 and 110: --- -- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP
Page 111 and 112: ---------------- 5 / --------______
Page 115 and 116: VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY --
Page 121: VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY A
Page 133 and 134: -- ·rl E I u L ro 5 +J Q) (f) 0 Y
Page 135 and 136: -- --- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP
Page 137 and 138: VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY NG
Page 139 and 140: '2 5 -rl E I U L CO '---' -t-J ill
Page 141 and 142: VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY AP
Page 145 and 146: VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY Ta
Page 147 and 148: VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY Ta
Page 149 and 150: -- Appendix E A catalog of deep-sky
Page 153 and 154: -- -- --- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE D
Page 155 and 156: --- --- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEE
Page 167 and 168: -- APPENDIX F: OPTIMUM DETECTION MA
Page 169 and 170: ------- VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEE
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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY -
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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY AP
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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY -
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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY Ta
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VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY Ta
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G VISUAL ASTRONOMY OF THE DEEP SKY
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INDEX INDEX M70 (NGC 6681), 312, 31
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OF THE ROGER N. CLARK

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