Garnaut Fitzgerald Review of Commonwealth-State Funding

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GLOSSARY merit goods (health, education and training) mobile resources: mobile capital mobile labour National Competition Policy needs principle on-passed funding outcomes outputs per capita performance measures policy neutrality political economy real terms recipient states relativities Goods that would be under-provided in a pure free market economy. This is because they have external benefits that people would not take into account when they made their decisions about how much to consume. An example is vaccinations. As a result of people being vaccinated we keep disease out of the country, but if it was left just to the market many people might choose to take the risk and not pay for vaccinations. This could have negative effects for society. mobile capital – the ability of investment funds to flow across international borders. mobile labour – the extent to which workers are willing to move from one region or country to another (geographical mobility) or to change from one occupation to another (occupational mobility). A wide-ranging reform program to develop a more open and integrated Australian market that limits anti-competitive conduct and removes the special advantages previously enjoyed by government business activities. To reflect above or below average revenue raising capacity or expenditure responsibilities, the equal per capita amount of the pool for each state is adjusted by adding its per capita expenditure, revenue and specific purpose payment needs, and expressing the result as a proportion of the per capita pool of Commonwealth funds. Payments from the Commonwealth through the Sstates, which are passed to other bodies, principally non-government schools and local governments. Government objectives in each portfolio area. Desired results, impacts or consequences for the Australian community influenced by the actions of the Commonwealth. The goods and services produced by agencies on behalf of government for external organisations or individuals. Outputs also include goods and services for other areas of government external to the agency. Per head of population. Dimensions of quality, quantity, timeliness and cost used to describe how many, how well, when or how frequently, and at what cost the outputs Governments intend to fund will be delivered. States are given the capacity to provide an average standard of services (at an average level of efficiency) regardless of whether those services are provided below or above that standard. The social science that deals with political science and economics as a unified subject; the study of the interrelationships between political and economic processes. A value or variation adjusted for inflation. States and Territories that receive more than their per capita share of GST revenues. The per capita equalisation grant for each State expressed as a ratio of the national average per capita equalisation grant. Relativities are then averaged over five years and used to distribute the combined pool of GST revenues in the grant allocation year. FINAL REPORT [232]
GLOSSARY revenue need revenue raising capacity revenue replacement payments royalties specific purpose payments: SPPs ‘through’ SPPs ‘to’ standard budget standardised expenditure standardised revenue State of origin allocation unitary state vertical fiscal imbalance Reflect above or below-average revenue raising capacities Determined by the size of States’ revenue bases, such as wages and salaries (payroll tax), land values (land tax) and mining and industry profits (royalties). A form of compensation to the States for the loss of franchise fees. Subsequently replaced with general purpose grants. A share of the profit or product reserved by the grantor, especially of an oil or mining lease. Commonwealth Grants to the States that must be spent in specific areas such as health or education. Specific purpose payments are subject to individual agreements which attach a variety of terms and conditions to the grants. They are also usually classified as: – payments ‘to’ the States, which are programs administered by the States – payments ‘through’ the States, which are on-passed to other bodies, principally non-government schools and local governments. The starting point in the calculation of relativities. It reflects the scope of state activities to be included in the assessment and puts them into a common framework. The assessment of what a State would need to spend to provide a standard (average) service if it operated at an average level of efficiency. An estimate of what a State would raise from its own sources if it made a standard (average) revenue raising effort; that is, if it applied standard (average) tax rates to its tax bases and collected revenue at an average level of efficiency. Returning proceeds of a tax to the States that generated the revenue. A system of government in which legislative responsibility is carried out by one set of elected parliamentarians, representing the entire population and fulfilling administrative and executive responsibilities. When constitutionally assigned federal and state government revenues do not match their constitutionally assigned expenditure responsibilities. FINAL REPORT [233]
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Review of Commonwealth-State Fundin
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Review of Commonwealth-State Fundin
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TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 9: Equity
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THE REVIEW COMMITTEE FINAL REPORT [
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Overall assessmen
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Each State would
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CHAPTER 1: Overview and Summary of
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CHAPTER 2: How the System Grew: A H
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CHAPTER 3: The Current System TABLE
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CHAPTER 3: The Current System 3.3 G
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CHAPTER 3: The Current System Natio
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CHAPTER 3: The Current System FINAL
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CHAPTER 4: Allocation of General Pu
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Chapter 5: Specific Purpose Payment
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CHAPTER 6: Comparative Fiscal Posit
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations 7.2 Ve
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations Sales
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations The Un
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations Popula
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations 7.4 Co
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations In 200
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations In 200
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations In add
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations Compar
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CHAPTER 7: Other Federations FINAL
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CHAPTER 8: Federal Policy Effects o
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CHAPTER 9: Equity Chapter 1 notes t
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CHAPTER 9: Equity Both SPPs and gen
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CHAPTER 9: Equity Table 9.3 shows t
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CHAPTER 9: Equity 9.3 Horizontal di
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CHAPTER 9: Equity Many ways to rais
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CHAPTER 10: Efficiency and Economic
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CHAPTER 11: Simplicity, Transparenc
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CHAPTER 12: Overall Assessment and
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Page 238 and 239: APPENDIX E: Consultation • VICRoa
Page 240 and 241: GLOSSARY Efficiency: allocative eff
Page 244 and 245: FINAL REPORT [234] GLOSSARY
Page 246 and 247: BIBLIOGRAPHY Buchanan, JM 2001, Fis
Page 248 and 249: BIBLIOGRAPHY Government of Victoria
Page 250 and 251: BIBLIOGRAPHY Watts, RL 1999, Compar
Page 252 and 253: INDEX E economic activity / growth
Page 254 and 255: INDEX O other Federations Canada ·
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Garnaut Fitzgerald Review of Commonwealth-State Funding

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