Vietnam Population and AIDS Indicator Survey 2005 ... - Measure DHS

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HIV PREVALENCE IN HAI PHONG PROVINCE 9 9.1 KEY FINDINGS • An estimated 0.5 percent of adults age 15-49 in Hai Phong province are infected with HIV. • Ninety-four percent of women and men agreed to provide blood samples for HIV testing. Coverage rates were 95 percent among women and 92 percent among men. 9.2 INTRODUCTION HIV prevalence data provide important information to plan the national response, to evaluate program impact, and to measure progress on the National Vision on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Vietnam until 2010 with a Vision to 2020. The understanding of the distribution of HIV infection within the population and analysis of the social, biological, and behavioral factors associated with HIV infection offer new insights about HIV in Vietnam, which may lead to more precisely targeted messages and interventions. 9.3 SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE DATA IN HAI PHONG In Vietnam, national HIV prevalence estimates to date have been derived using prevalence data from sentinel surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics (ANC), although sentinel surveillance also collects blood samples from additional populations including commercial sex workers (CSW), injecting drug users (IDU), tuberculosis patients, patients accessing clinics for sexually transmitted infections treatment, and military recruits. Sentinel surveillance of HIV infection utilizing ANC attendees was established in 1994 in 8 provinces. In 2005, sentinel surveillance was expanded to 40 provinces. As one of the 40 sentinel surveillance provinces, Hai Phong surveillance data have been used to estimate HIV prevalence among IDUs, CSWs, and women attending ANC. HIV prevalence among these sub-populations has been estimated for 2005 as 58 percent, 6 percent, and 0.3 percent, respectively. While HIV prevalence among pregnant women has been shown to be a reasonable proxy for prevalence among the combined male and female adult population in a number of settings, there are recognized limitations in estimating HIV prevalence in the general adult population from data derived exclusively from pregnant women attending selected sentinel clinics. The inclusion of HIV testing in the VPAIS in Hai Phong province offers the opportunity to estimate the magnitude of the infection in the general reproductive-age population of a province with some of the highest sentinel HIV prevalence estimates. 9.4 COVERAGE OF HIV TESTING IN THE VPAIS Tables 9.1 and 9.2 present coverage rates for HIV testing in Hai Phong province among eligible women, men and both sexes combined. Coverage rates are based on unweighted data and are presented by respondent background characteristics in order to determine whether respondents who refuse to provide a blood sample differ substantially from respondents who agree to provide a sample. With regard to coverage rates, respondents fall into one of three categories, namely: HIV Prevalence in Hai Phong Province | 87
1. Those who were interviewed, consented to the HIV testing, and provided a blood sample 2. Those who were interviewed and refused to provide a blood sample 3. Those who were not tested for some reason not related to informed consent, such as a mismatch between the questionnaires and the blood samples, or a technical problem in collecting the blood. Blood was collected only from respondents who voluntarily agreed to participate in HIV testing after having been read an informed consent statement. As shown in Table 9.1, overall coverage rates in the VPAIS were high, with 94 percent of women and men interviewed having agreed to provide blood samples for laboratory testing of HIV. Six percent of respondents refused to provide a blood sample, and less than one percent of respondents agreed to provide a sample but have not been included in the HIV testing due to miscellaneous logistical reasons. Coverage rates were slightly higher among women (95 percent) than men (92 percent). Table 9.2 shows that this also tended to be true across most of the background characteristics shown in the table. Table 9.1 shows that HIV testing coverage was higher in rural areas (96 percent) than in urban areas (90 percent). Refusals for giving a blood sample are more common among urban respondents than among rural respondents, and this is true among both women and men. Eight percent of urban women and 12 percent of urban men refused to provide a sample, while only 2 percent of rural women and 5 percent of rural men refused to provide a sample. Table 9.2 shows coverage rates to be generally high across age, education, and wealth quintile of respondents. Coverage rates are lowest among those with the highest levels of education and among those in the highest wealth quintile. Lowest coverage rates of 85 percent are seen among men of the highest education and among men in the highest wealth quintile. Table 9.1 Coverage of HIV testing by residence Percent distribution of women and men age 15-49 eligible for HIV testing by testing status, according to residence, Hai Phong Vietnam 2005 (unweighted data) Residence Tested Interviewed Refused testing WOMEN Other/ missing Total Number Urban 91.7 7.8 0.5 100.0 384 Rural 97.3 2.4 0.3 100.0 587 Total 95.1 4.5 0.4 100.0 971 MEN Urban 87.5 11.8 0.7 100.0 287 Rural 94.0 5.1 0.9 100.0 533 Total 91.7 7.4 0.9 100.0 820 TOTAL Urban 89.9 9.5 0.6 100.0 671 Rural 95.7 3.7 0.6 100.0 1,120 Total 93.5 5.9 0.6 100.0 1,791 88 | HIV Prevalence in Hai Phong Province
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VIETNAM POPULATION AND AIDS INDICAT
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CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES .......
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CHAPTER 8 CHILDREN AT RISK 8.1 Key
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CHAPTER 5 ATTITUDES RELATING TO HIV
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PREFACE The 2005 Vietnam Population
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SUMMARY OF INDICATORS Program area
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Map of Administrative Units of Viet
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international commitments to the pr
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model AIDS Indicator Survey (AIS) q
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All team members assigned to Hai Ph
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HOUSEHOLD POPULATION AND HOUSING CH
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of tile or cement (96 percent), whi
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asset information was collected in
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Figure 2.1 Age Pyramid, Vietnam 200
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Table 2.7 Educational attainment of
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Table 2.8 Household possession of m
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Table 2.10 Use of mosquito nets by
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Table 3.1 Background characteristic
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Table 3.2 Educational attainment of
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Table 3.3 Exposure to mass media Pe
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Table 3.4.2 Employment status: men
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Table 3.6 Age at first marriage Per
Page 46 and 47: Figure 3.1 Percent Distribution of
Page 48 and 49: General awareness of AIDS is high a
Page 50 and 51: Knowledge of all three means of avo
Page 52 and 53: Table 4.3.2 Beliefs about AIDS: men
Page 54 and 55: Table 4.4 Knowledge of prevention o
Page 56 and 57: and men) who reported that the HIV
Page 58 and 59: 5.4 ATTITUDES TOWARDS NEGOTIATING S
Page 60 and 61: Table 5.3 Adult support of educatio
Page 62 and 63: HIV/AIDS-RELATED BEHAVIOR 6 6.1 KEY
Page 64 and 65: Table 6.1.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 66 and 67: 6.4 MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERS Among
Page 68 and 69: Table 6.2.2 Multiple sexual partner
Page 70 and 71: 6.7 VOLUNTARY HIV COUNSELING AND TE
Page 72 and 73: Women who become pregnant have an o
Page 74 and 75: Table 6.6 Self-reported prevalence
Page 76 and 77: Table 6.7 Prevalence of injections
Page 78 and 79: Table 7.1 Comprehensive knowledge a
Page 80 and 81: Table 7.2 Age at first sex among yo
Page 82 and 83: Table 7.3 Condom use at first sexua
Page 84 and 85: Practically all never-married women
Page 86 and 87: 7.8 ALCOHOL USE DURING SEX Research
Page 88 and 89: Table 7.7 Recent HIV tests among yo
Page 90 and 91: Table 8.1 Children’s living arran
Page 92 and 93: Table 8.3 also shows the same infor
Page 94 and 95: Table 8.5 Succession planning Perce
Page 98 and 99: Table 9.2 Coverage of HIV testing b
Page 100 and 101: 9.6 HIV PREVALENCE BY BACKGROUND CH
Page 102 and 103: Rutstein, S., K. Johnson, and D. Gw
Page 104 and 105: A.2 SAMPLING FRAME The sampling fra
Page 106 and 107: Table A.5 Sample allocation of expe
Page 108 and 109: Table A.7 Total number of EAs and n
Page 110 and 111: Table A.9 Population distribution a
Page 112 and 113: Table A.11 Sample implementation Pe
Page 114 and 115: Table A.14 Coverage of HIV testing
Page 116 and 117: ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS Append
Page 118 and 119: Table B.1 List of selected variable
Page 120 and 121: Table B.3 Sampling errors for Urban
Page 122 and 123: Table B.5 Sampling errors for North
Page 124 and 125: Table B.7 Sampling errors for South
Page 126 and 127: Table B.9 Sampling errors for Ho Ch
Page 128 and 129: Table B.11 Sampling errors for Quan
Page 130 and 131: Team 4: Responsible for fieldwork i
Page 132 and 133: QUESTIONNAIRES Appendix D Appendix
Page 134 and 135: A. household schedule Now we would
Page 136 and 137: no Questions and filters Coding cat
Page 141 and 142: Department of population and labour
Page 145 and 146: Section2. reproduction no Questions
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Section 3. marriage and sexual acti
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no Questions and filters Coding cat
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Last sexual partner 334 check 103:
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Section 4. hiv/aids no Questions an
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Questions and filters Coding catego
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Comments about Respondent : Intervi
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Vietnam Population and AIDS Indicator Survey 2005 ... - Measure DHS

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