Industrial seal self study guide - SKF.com

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1 Brief History of the Shaft Seal SKF Sealing Solutions invented and patented the first integrated, self-contained shaft seal in 1928 (fig. 1a). It was designed to hold grease in automobile wheel hubs and help lubricate the wheel bearing. In the mid 1930’s, SKF pioneered the development of custom formulating, compounding and molding of elastomers (synthetic rubber) to develop higher performance materials. This led to other innovations in manufacturing processes, new sealing techniques to handle more demanding automotive and industrial applications and the compounding and molding of various elastomer seals to improve consistency and quality. Today, SKF is the world’s leading supplier of fluid sealing devices for the truck, automotive, farm equipment, aircraft, heavy machinery and machine tool industries. SKF also supplies seals for aerospace missiles, earthmoving equipment, appliances, and a wide variety of pumps, hydraulic systems, motors and sub-assemblies. A company-wide commitment to quality earned SKF Sealing Solutions significant certifications including TS16949 in December 2002 and ISO 9001:2000 in May 1999. SKF can supply more than 200 types of seals, over 3,000 stock sizes, and over 10,000 cataloged variations. That includes seals in both inch and metric sizes, metal and rubber O.D.’s in both bonded and assembled designs, with single or double lip elements and with or without springs or inner cases (fig. 1b). SKF sealing products fit shaft diameters from . 110” to over 180”. They fit metric shaft diameters from 3mm to over 4572mm. All are fashioned from an ever-growing spectrum of sealing elements and materials including LongLife fluoroelastomer lip materials.* That, plus ongoing development of new materials and processes, will enable SKF to meet tomorrow’s expectations. SKF invented the shaft seal in 1928 (fig. 1a). Over 2 types of seals are now available from SKF (fig. 1b). *LongLife is a registered trademark of SKF 3
INTRODUCTION (cont.) The Total Bearing and Seal Service Concept When bearings fail, they can bring equipment to an unscheduled halt. Every hour of downtime due to premature bearing failure can result in costly lost production, especially in capital intensive manufacturing. The majority of bearings outlive the machinery or equipment in which they are installed. Of the bearings that do fail, only 1/3 fail due to normal fatigue. Over half of bearing failures result from lubrication or contamination problems—both of which can be related to the sealing arrangement. Seals are vital to all bearing applications and are a critical component in an integrated systems approach to Trouble-Free Operation. Product Quality The SKF goal is to provide every bearing user with long, trouble-free operation. Our substantial investment in research and development has resulted in the production of bearings and seals of the highest quality. However, quality alone cannot guarantee trouble-free operation. Other factors affect the life span of every bearing, including: Operating Environment Machinery must be kept in peak operating condition. The bearings should be properly aligned and protected from extreme temperatures and properly sealed from moisture and contaminants. The seals must also retain the lubricant to assure a proper oil film. Proper Installation Knowledge of the proper installation techniques and tools is required to ensure that the bearings and seals are not damaged. Proper Maintenance Following lubrication and maintenance schedules and monitoring bearing operating conditions are also important in maximizing bearing life. Trouble-Free Operation SKF is committed to the proper servicing and maintenance of the bearing/sealing arrangement. The Trouble-Free Operation Concept minimizes the risk of bearing downtime and ensures that your bearings achieve their full potential. A full line of products and services is available from SKF to make installation and maintenance easy to perform. The Trouble-Free Operation Concept meets customer demands for long bearing life and cost-effective operation. 4
Page 1 and 2: Industrial seal self study guide Ma
Page 3: CHAPTER 1— INTRODUCTION This book
Page 7 and 8: BASIC SEAL TYPES (cont.) A As a sha
Page 9 and 10: BASIC SEAL TYPES (cont.) As was ear
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 2 REVIEW To take this test,
Page 13 and 14: HM14 SKF’s non-spring loaded desi
Page 15 and 16: SEAL DESIGN GROUPS (cont.) Hydrodyn
Page 17 and 18: SEAL DESIGN GROUPS (cont.) CRWA5, C
Page 19 and 20: SEAL DESIGN GROUPS (cont.) HDSB HDS
Page 21 and 22: SEAL DESIGN GROUPS (cont.) All HS s
Page 23 and 24: SEAL DESIGN GROUPS (cont.) HSF SBF
Page 25 and 26: SEAL DESIGN GROUPS (cont.) VR2 VR2
Page 27 and 28: SEAL DESIGN GROUPS (cont.) Scotseal
Page 29 and 30: SEAL DESIGN GROUPS (cont.) “OLD
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER 3 REVIEW (cont.) 30 7. The
Page 33 and 34: V-Ring excludes contaminants, preve
Page 35 and 36: Seal Applications (cont.) An effect
Page 37 and 38: Seal Applications (cont.) Identific
Page 39 and 40: Seal Applications (cont.) Substitut
Page 41 and 42: Seal Applications (cont.) + Handles
Page 43 and 44: Seal Applications (cont.) °C °F 2
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 4 Review To take this test,
Page 47 and 48: Chapter 5—Seal Selection The firs
Page 49 and 50: Seal Selection (cont.) l A B Seal S
Page 51 and 52: Seal Selection (cont.) A longer lip
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 5 Review (cont.) 7. Substit
Page 55 and 56:
Wear Sleeves (cont.) Speedi-Sleeve
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Wear Sleeves (cont.) 8. Drop the Sp
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Chapter 6 Review To take this test,
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fig. 7A Shaft surfaces must be smoo
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Shaft and Bore Conditions (cont.) S
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Shaft and Bore Conditions (cont.) B
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Chapter 7 Review (cont.) 6. Spiral
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Installation (cont.) For best resul
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Installation (cont.) 8. Check seal
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Installation (cont.) Corrective Act
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Installation (cont.) Split Seal Con
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Chapter 8 Review To take this test,
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Chapter 9—Troubleshooting Prelimi
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Troubleshooting (cont...) Causes Su
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Troubleshooting (cont...) Out-of-Ro
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Troubleshooting (cont...) Pressure
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Chapter 9 Review (cont...) 8. Garte
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Glossary of Seal Terms (cont...) Di
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Glossary of Seal Terms (cont...) MP
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Glossary of Seal Terms (cont...) Sh
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Final Exam Congratulations. You hav
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12. A cocked seal can cause a seal
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26. In _________________ installati
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40. A sealing lip that is cut, turn
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54. If a shaft is lightly grooved b
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73. More bearings fail from the ent
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96. Ferrous and other commonly used
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Fold Here Fold Here PLACE STAMP HER
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110 NOTES
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112 NOTES
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Industrial seal self study guide - SKF.com

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