shipbuilding & ship repair 1 AT A GLANCE 1996-2005 2005: 346 facilities 98,063 86,134 employees 12% $10 billion value of shipments $14 billion 47% 104 Shipbuilding & Ship Repair <strong>2008</strong> SECTOR PERFORMANCE REPORT
Latest <strong>Environmental</strong> Statistics 2 Emissions of Criteria Air Pollutants: 5,900 tons Releases of Chemicals <strong>Report</strong>ed to TRI: 2 million lbs. air emissions: 1.8 million lbs. Water Discharges: 19,000 lbs. Waste Disposals: 226,000 lbs. agencies. The sector has less than a 1% share of the world’s market for commercial vessels of more than 100 gross tons. 3 Energy Use According to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), energy use for the transportation equipment manufacturing sector, which includes shipbuilding activities as well as motor vehicle manufacturing, totaled 424 trillion Btu in 2002. There are not sufficient data to determine the proportion of energy used by the Shipbuilding & Ship Repair sector alone. 4 Shipbuilding and ship repair processes that use the most energy are welding (most often electric arc welding), forging, abrasive blasting, and application of marine coatings. Electricity purchases represented 75% to 80% of the sector’s expenditures for energy in 2004. 5 The sector’s remaining energy expenditures were for fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal, and petroleum. Between 1998 and 2004, shipbuilders use of electricity per dollar value of shipments (VOS) fell 10%. 6 There are opportunities for shipbuilders to reduce one energy source in favor of another with fewer emissions or greater efficiency. One option is for facilities to replace equipment that consumes fossil fuels with electric-powered equipment. For example, in the forging process, facilities can replace gas-fired heating with electric induction heating, which has lower operational costs and requires less energy. The environmental benefits of switching equipment to electric power will depend in part on the fuels used by the electricity provider. Air Emissions Recycling, Energy Recovery, or Air emissions in the sector include criteria air pollutants Treatment: 5.1 million lbs. (CAPs), greenhouse gases (GHGs), and a number of chemicals reported to EPA’s Toxics Release Inventory Hazardous Waste Generated: (TRI). In general, the “toxic chemicals” tracked by TRI are 7,000 tons found in the raw materials and fuels used, and can also be generated by their use. Major sources of air emissions for Hazardous Waste Managed: this sector are welding, abrasive blasting, and application 6,000 tons The data discussed in this report are drawn from multiple public and private sources. See the Data Guide and the Data Sources, Methodologies, and Considerations chapter for important information and qualifications about how data are generated, synthesized, and presented. Profile Facilities in the Shipbuilding & Ship Repair sector build, repair, or alter ships, barges, and other large vessels for military and commercial clients. Most facilities that build ships can also repair them, but some smaller shipyards only perform ship repair work. Shipyards typically include drydocks, shipbuilding positions, berthing positions, piers, workshops, and warehouses. Most domestic shipbuilders make and repair ships for the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard, and other government Biodiesel Use In 2006, Atlantic Marine Alabama, LLC, a shipbuilder headquartered in Mobile, AL, measured the performance of two forklifts powered by a biodiesel blend (B20) against the performance of two forklifts fueled with regular diesel. During the four-month trial, the biodiesel-powered forklifts used nearly 9% less fuel per hour with no difference in performance or the visibility of emissions between the two sets of forklifts. In addition, over the course of the trial, the B20 cost an average of 50 cents less per gallon than standard diesel. Based on these results, Atlantic Marine plans to convert all of its diesel-powered yard equipment to B20 within the next five years. 7 <strong>2008</strong> SECTOR PERFORMANCE REPORT Shipbuilding & Ship Repair 105
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2008 Sector Performance rePort
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table of Contents i Preface 1 Execu
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Key to our work is collaboration wi
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Energy Use The eight sectors for wh
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Sector Data Side by Side The follow
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TRI Air Emissions Across Sectors 19
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TRI Waste Management Across Sectors
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This report relies upon a variety o
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TABLE 3 Economic Activity Data for
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Presentation of TRI Air Emissions D
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Presentation 500,000,000 of TRI Was
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Cement Manufacturing 1 AT A GLANCE
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equires 32% more energy per ton of
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Summing the Toxicity Scores for all
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l t , r t i t i Figure 3 Cement Kil
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ChemiCal manufaCturing 1 AT A GLANC
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Chemical facilities purchase electr
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conservatively assumes that chemica
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Balanced Water Use at BASF Supply U
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Waste Management Reported to TRI In
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Colleges & universities 1 AT A GLAN
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Criteria Air Pollutants Most CAP em
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Construction 1 AT A GLANCE 1996-200
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Figure 1 Fuel Use for Energy 2002 E
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Figure 4 Trends in Construction and
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Food & Beverage Manufacturing 1 AT
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Figure 2 Air Emissions Reported to
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associations, or government agencie
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disposed or released to air or wate
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