AN INTRODUCTION TO MENTAL HEALTH - The Nossal Institute for ...

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Highlight to the participants that some of the listed factors are biological, some are social and others are psychological. Negative experiences during childhood can also contribute to the development of mental disorders. Point out examples of each of these from the list. Give the participants the ‘Factors affecting mental health’ diagram (found in Appendix B) as a handout. Remind participants that mental disorders are usually caused by a combination of factors rather than just one factor, and many people can experience these factors and not develop a mental disorder. Finally, discuss any false factors (mis)identified by the groups. This is an opportunity to point out that there are many common misunderstandings about the causes of mental disorders. Diagram 1: Factors affecting mental health Biological factors Chemical imbalance in brain Genetics Brain injury Chronic illness Medications Events in childhood Violence and abuse Emotional neglect Death of a parent Mental Health Psychological factors Poor self-esteem Negative thinking Social factors Family conflict Poverty Unemployment Poor housing Having a baby Infertility AN INTRODUCTION TO MENTAL HEALTH 25
Activity 4 : Symptoms of mental disorder Time : 1 hour Purpose : To help participants recognise symptoms associated with mental disorders. Materials : Paper and marker pens, black/white board and ‘Symptoms of mental disorders cards’ (found in Appendix C). NB : It will be necessary to label each of these cards with suitably translated words prior to commencement of the training session. Directions : Step 1 Give a short presentation of the information provided in the ‘Information for Presentation’ box below. INFORMATION FOR PRESENTATION The symptoms of mental disorders can produce a negative effect on the lives of individuals, families and society as a whole. You cannot always tell just by looking at a person whether or not they have a mental disorder. The symptoms of mental disorders can be physical or psychological. 1. Physical symptoms are those that involve the physical functioning of the body e.g. aches and pains, weakness, tiredness, sleep disturbance, and increased or decreased appetite. 2. Psychological symptoms are those that involve the mental functioning of the body. a. Feeling symptoms are those that involve our emotions or feelings e.g. sadness, fear and worry. b. Thinking symptoms are those that affect the way a person thinks e.g. problems in understanding, concentrating, memory, and judgment (decision-making). Thinking about ending your life (suicide) or thinking that someone else is going to harm you are examples of thinking symptoms. c. Behavioural symptoms are those that affect the way people act or what they do. Behaviours are what we actually see others doing e.g. being aggressive, increased or decreased talking, withdrawal from family and friends, self-harm e.g. cutting the skin, and attempting suicide. d. Imagining symptoms are those that involve the person perceiving or experiencing things that are not actually real (although they seem very real to the person experiencing them). For example, the person may be hearing voices or seeing things that are not actually present. 2,5 Some of the symptoms associated with mental disorders, such as feelings of sadness and worrying a lot, affect everybody from time to time. These symptoms only become a mental 26 AN INTRODUCTION TO MENTAL HEALTH
Page 1 and 2: AN INTRODUCTION TO MENTAL HEALTH Fa
Page 3 and 4: The development of this manual was
Page 5 and 6: T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S DAY T
Page 7 and 8: Contributors BasicNeeds: www.basicn
Page 9 and 10: Introduction Mental health is vital
Page 11 and 12: CHWs make a significant contributio
Page 13 and 14: Including representation of people
Page 15 and 16: Day Two Session 4 - Mental Health F
Page 17 and 18: Day Four Session 10 - Mental Health
Page 19 and 20: 1 DAY Session 1: Introduction to me
Page 21 and 22: To be a healthy person we need to h
Page 23 and 24: Appropriate treatment can help impr
Page 25: India. 8 These types of beliefs can
Page 29 and 30: Symptoms of mental disorders table
Page 31 and 32: 7. Heart pounding 8. Muscle tension
Page 33 and 34: 19. Aggression 20. Believing others
Page 35 and 36: In this session we are going to dis
Page 37 and 38: Step 2 Divide participants into two
Page 39 and 40: INFORMATION FOR PRESENTATION Common
Page 41 and 42: ecome a disorder when the alcohol o
Page 43 and 44: Figure 2 - Some Common and Severe M
Page 45 and 46: 2. Mental disorders are a common pr
Page 47 and 48: have an important role to play in p
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Page 51 and 52: Step 2 - Case study and group work:
Page 53 and 54: Reasons why a person with a mental
Page 55 and 56: 2 DAY Session 5: Mental Health Firs
Page 57 and 58: “I hope they don’t ask me a que
Page 59 and 60: 6. Gently hold your breath and coun
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Page 63 and 64: Ask each group in turn to call out
Page 65 and 66: Tiredness and fatigue may lead to o
Page 67 and 68: Poor sleeping is a common symptom o
Page 69 and 70: • • • that they have great we
Page 71 and 72: 3 DAY Session 7: Mental Health Firs
Page 73 and 74: 9. Describe a good way to approach
Page 75 and 76: Provide the person with information
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• • • • • • • Stay ca
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• Empathetic - this means being
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INFORMATION FOR PRESENTATION Counse
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Diagram 4. The problem treatment cy
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Step 2 Ask participants to divide i
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• What type of problems might occ
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Step 2 Give a presentation based on
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• Like medications for physical i
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• • • Nausea or vomiting Slur
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3. Name two skills required for cou
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INFORMATION FOR PRESENTATION As we
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How does stigma and discrimination
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Step 2 Invite participants to comme
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Step 2 - How does gender relate to
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4 DAY Session 12: Presentation of g
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References 1. Herrman H, Saxena S,
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Appendix A : Introducing your other
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Appendix B : Factors affecting ment
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3. Hearing voices 4. Fear 112 AN IN
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7. Heart pounding 8. Muscle tension
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11. Mood swings 12. Lack of energy
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15. Thinking about suicide 16. Poor
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19. Aggression 20. Believing others
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Appendix D: Common and Severe Menta
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Case study E Ahanti is a 25 year ol
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Appendix F : Role plays Role Play 1
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and you say they are trying to harm
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Appendix H Counselling Skills Cards
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132 AN INTRODUCTION TO MENTAL HEALT
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BasicNeeds 158A, Parade, Leamington
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