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Leadership and Management Development in Education (Education ...

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120LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT IN EDUCATIONChanges <strong>in</strong> leadership practicesParticipants <strong>and</strong> their role sets noted three ma<strong>in</strong> changes <strong>in</strong> leadershippractice:• A greater emphasis on shared leadership• An enhanced focus on leadership for learn<strong>in</strong>g• Specific changes <strong>in</strong> school organisation.Altered classroom conditionsThe enhanced focus on leadership for learn<strong>in</strong>g appears to have impacted onclassroom practice <strong>in</strong> several ways:• Higher expectations of staff• Heads modell<strong>in</strong>g good classroom practice• Greater emphasis on monitor<strong>in</strong>g classroom teach<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> pupils’ performance.Improved student outcomesThe effects of the New Visions programme are filtered through many levelsbefore they impact on this dimension but the authors noted two types ofimpact:1. A determ<strong>in</strong>ation to act on this issue, noted by role set members.2. Some modest evidence of improvements, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g removal from the ‘seriousweaknesses’ category follow<strong>in</strong>g Ofsted <strong>in</strong>spections, <strong>and</strong> improved exam<strong>in</strong>ation<strong>and</strong> test results.(Bush et al. 2006b)While this research produced significant evidence of impact aris<strong>in</strong>g from theNew Visions experience, the authors note the ‘dim<strong>in</strong>ish<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>fluence’ of theprogramme as the model moves through each phase. They also recommend alonger-term evaluation ‘because leadership effects are likely to take time toimpact on student outcomes’ (ibid.: 197).Given the dom<strong>in</strong>ance of leader development, noted above, Bush et al.’s(2005) evaluation of the impact of two NCSL team programmes, Develop<strong>in</strong>gCapacity for Susta<strong>in</strong>ed Improvement (DCSI) <strong>and</strong> Work<strong>in</strong>g Together for Success(WTfS), provides a rare opportunity to assess the wider impact of leadershipdevelopment <strong>in</strong>itiatives targeted at a group of leaders. The evaluation <strong>in</strong>volved10 case studies of schools (five DCSI <strong>and</strong> five WTfS), which have completed, orembarked upon, one of these programmes. They were sampled purposively on

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