G MS THESIS_final version_Maxim Prokudin.pdf - Digital Repository ...

133Table 33: Group efficiency comparison measurements for small and full-scale pilesGroup EfficiencyPier typeSmall-Scale Small-ScaleFull-Scale SteelFull-Scale Piles in Full-Scale Piles in Full-Scale Piles inC(I) + C(K) Piers Piles in ClayPiles in CohesiveCohesive Soils Cohesive Soils Dense SandSoilsGroup of 2 0.6-0.7 0.8-0.9Group of 3 - 0.75-0.88 0.59-0.95 0.66-0.80Group of 4 0.5-0.6 0.68-0.87 0.42-0.63Group of 5 0.4-0.6Group of 6 0.4-0.6 0.57-0.85ReferencePresent studyresultsIlyas et al., 2004 Rollins, 1997 Cox et al., 1984 Sowers, 1986 Sarsby, 1985C(I) + C(K) – Group Bearing CapacityThe bearing capacity was calculated for the groups of cement type I and K composition piersand are summarized in Table 34.Table 34: Ultimate bearing capacity for a single pier within C(I) + C(K) groupq or σ at δPier type Length (mm) A g (m 2 ) A (m 2 top σ loess at δ top) R a= 10 mm = 10 mmR sq g total (kPa)C(I) + C(K) 305 0.0046 0.0781 0.058 1,529 (kPa) (kPa) 1.4 2,0761,101Unit Cell 610 0.0046 0.0781 0.058 1,533 1.4 2,087C(I) + C(K) 305 0.0091 0.1490 0.061 2,1461.3 2,8051,609Group of 2 610 0.0091 0.1490 0.061 3,017 1.9 5,370C(I) + C(K) 305 0.0182 0.2845 0.064 3,4061.3 4,1992,719Group of 4 610 0.0182 0.2845 0.064 3,947 1.5 4,866C(I) + C(K) 305 0.0228 0.3413 0.067 4,1501.5 6,1192,719Group of 5 610 0.0228 0.3413 0.067 4,825 1.8 8,141C(I) + C(K) 305 0.0274 0.5426 0.050 4,8682.6 11,6371,886Group of 6 610 0.0274 0.5426 0.050 7,068 3.7 23,265Legend:A g - cross sectional area of all aggregate pier elements (m 2 )A g - area of matrix soil beneath the footing (m 2 )R s - ratio of A g to gross footprint area of the footing AR s - ratio of pier and matrix soil modulus values at δ top = 10mmq - average contact pressure at the footing bottom (kPa)Conversions:1 m = 3.3 ft1 mm = 0.0394 in1 kPa = 0.145 psi1 kg/m 3 = 0.0624 pcf