G MS THESIS_final version_Maxim Prokudin.pdf - Digital Repository ...

viLIST OF FIGURESFigure 1: Concept of aggregate pier floating foundation (reproduced per Kwong et.al, 2002) ......6Figure 2: Simplified aggregate pier installation procedure (reproduced per Fox et al., 2004) ........7Figure 3: (a) Bulging of aggregate pier elements and (b) shearing below tips of aggregate pierelements (reproduced per Wissmann, 1999) ........................................................................8Figure 4: Friction angle for AASHTO No. 57 and No. 21A limestone aggregate (reproducedper Fox et al., 1998, Jian and Park, 2007 and White and Suleiman, 2004) .........................9Figure 5: Schematic drawing of aggregate pier Upper and Lower Zones (reproduced perKwong et al., 2002) ............................................................................................................11Figure 6: Aggregate pier tell-tale instrumentation (reproduced per White et al., 2007) ...............12Figure 7: Schematic of group of three footing instrumentation (reproduced per Bucher et al.,2008) ..................................................................................................................................18Figure 8: Modulus and footing load test results (reproduced per Bucher et al., 2008) .................19Figure 9: Measured load-settlement curves for single pier (reproduced per White et al., 2007) ..21Figure 10: Measured load-settlement curves for group of four pier footing (reproduced perWhite et al., 2007) ..............................................................................................................21Figure 11: Subsurface profile at Utah site – group of five piers (a) top view and (b) profileview (reproduced per Wissmann et al., 2007) ...................................................................22Figure 12: Utah modulus test for single pier and group of five (reproduced per Wissmann etal, 2007) .............................................................................................................................23Figure 13: Column arrangement for (a) single pier and (b) group of three piers (reproducedper Black et al., 2007b) ......................................................................................................28Figure 14: Treated ground model consisting of preconsolidated untreated soft clay and acement mixed soil column at the center in a cylinder mold (Fang and Yin, 2007) ...........29Figure 15: Testing box (Black et al., 2007a) .................................................................................31Figure 16: (a) Excavated bridge reinforcement and (b) column enclosed in tabular wire mesh(reproduced per Black et al., 2007a) ..................................................................................32Figure 17: (a) Enerpac hydraulic jack in operation, (b) Enerpac hydraulic jack applied tostacked sensors, (c) Enerpac hydraulic jack mounted on load bearing frame ...................40Figure 18: Load frame (a) schematic drawing and (b) as-built photo ...........................................41Figure 19: Load frame schematic drawing (isometric) ..................................................................42Figure 20: Test bed preparation (a) excavation, (b) finished after compaction, (c) placementof single piers and (d) testing of single piers .....................................................................44Figure 21: Compaction tools (a) vibratory plate compactor, (b) hand tamper ..............................46Figure 22: DCP equipment (a) in operation in test bed (b) schematic drawing ............................48Figure 23: Nuclear density gauge device in use in test bed ...........................................................51Figure 24: (a) Shelby tube inserted in matrix soil, (b) Shelby tube sample being extruded, (c)72 mm x 140 mm sample trimmed, and (d) sample weighted and measured ....................53Figure 25: 72 mm x 140 mm sample (a) placed in unconfined compression triaxial chamber,(b) and (c) samples after failure .........................................................................................54Figure 26: Load cell and LVDT sensor set-up (a) test set-up, (b) in use .......................................59Figure 27: DAQ data logger ..........................................................................................................60Figure 28: Honeywell pancake load cell ........................................................................................60Figure 29: Micro Epsilon LDR-CA50 LVDT ...............................................................................61