TROUBLE SPOT: has g<strong>on</strong>e to – has been to – has been inHas/have g<strong>on</strong>e to is used when some<strong>on</strong>e who has g<strong>on</strong>e to a place has not yet returned.e.g. Is Tom in? – No, he has g<strong>on</strong>e to the bank. He will be back so<strong>on</strong>.Has/have been to refers to a place which some<strong>on</strong>e has visited some time in his life. Inother words, “has been to” refers to an experience.e.g. I’ve been to Disneyland twice.Has/have been in is used when the pers<strong>on</strong> is still in the place.e.g. I have been in L<strong>on</strong>d<strong>on</strong> for three years and I like it here.7. Choose the right form. Translate the sentences into Armenian.1. Where is Tom? Has he g<strong>on</strong>e/ been to the bank?2. I’ve been to in L<strong>on</strong>d<strong>on</strong> for a m<strong>on</strong>th and am going to stay here till April..3. I can’t find Peter. Where has he g<strong>on</strong>e/ been to?4. They have been to/in Italy twice this year.5. I d<strong>on</strong>’t believe they’ve ever g<strong>on</strong>e/ been to Houst<strong>on</strong>.6. She’s g<strong>on</strong>e/ been to do some shopping. She’ll be back so<strong>on</strong>.7. Has she g<strong>on</strong>e/ been away for l<strong>on</strong>g, or will she be back so<strong>on</strong>?Explanati<strong>on</strong> Present Perfect C<strong>on</strong>tinuousWe use the Present Perfect C<strong>on</strong>tinuous to show that something started in the pastand has c<strong>on</strong>tinued up until now. ‘For five minutes’, ‘since Tuesday’ and ‘how l<strong>on</strong>g’ areall durati<strong>on</strong>s which can be used with the Present Perfect C<strong>on</strong>tinuous.Durati<strong>on</strong> from the Past Until NowForm: has/have been + present participleExamples:It has been raining heavily for two hours.Has it been raining heavily for two hours?It has not been raining heavily for two hoursRemember:– n<strong>on</strong>–c<strong>on</strong>tinuous verbs cannot be used in present perfect c<strong>on</strong>tinuos tenses,the presentperfect tense is used instead.a. abstract verbs (to be, to want, to cost, to seem, to need, to care, to c<strong>on</strong>tain, toowe, to exist, etc),b. ossessi<strong>on</strong> verbs(to possess, to own, to bel<strong>on</strong>g,etc)c. emoti<strong>on</strong> verbs(to like, to love, to hate, to dislike, to fear, to envy, to mind, etc);Example: I have owned this house for ten years.– In case of the Present Perfect Progressive we are not interested whether the acti<strong>on</strong> iscompleted or not, while in case of the Present Perfect the acti<strong>on</strong> is completed and weare interested in its result.Compare: My hands are dirty. I have been repairing the car.The car is OK now. I have repaired it.23
8. Translate the sentences into Armenian.1. I am learning irregular verbs.2. I have learned the irregular verbs from the less<strong>on</strong>3. I have been learning irregular verbs all afterno<strong>on</strong>.4. I am working at my English.5. I have worked a lot today.6. I have been working for the same company for twelve years.9. Use the verbs in brackets in the present perfect c<strong>on</strong>tinuous tense.1. Jane (train) for the tennis competiti<strong>on</strong> for six m<strong>on</strong>ths, but she doesn’t still feelready.2. How l<strong>on</strong>g (learn) you Spanish?3. She (diet) for <strong>on</strong>ly a couple of weeks, but she has lost 5 pounds.4. I (drive) for a l<strong>on</strong>g time, but never had an accident. Touch the wood.5. J<strong>on</strong>athan (learn) English since the age of nine.6. We ( watch) TV for 3 hours10. Present c<strong>on</strong>tinuous, present perfect or present perfect c<strong>on</strong>tinuous. Completethe text below with the appropriate tenses.1. D<strong>on</strong>’t disturb me now. I (to work).2. I (to work) hard, now I need some rest.3. I (work) for a teleph<strong>on</strong>e company since last year.4. The ground is wet. It (to rain).5. We need an umbrella. It (to rain).6. Jenny (learn) her geography less<strong>on</strong> very well.7. Maria (learn) English for two years.8. Hello, Tom. I (look) for you all morning. Where have you been?9. Why (you / look) at me like that? Stop it.10. I (look) for my book everywhere, but I can’t find it.Did you know?Symbols of the UKEach country in Britain has its own Patr<strong>on</strong> Saint and Nati<strong>on</strong>al Flower:England – St. George and the RoseScotland – St. Andrew and the Thistle and Scottish BluebellWales – St. David and the DaffodilNorthern Ireland – St. Patrick and the ShamrockThe flag of the UK (the Uni<strong>on</strong> Flag) popularly known as the Uni<strong>on</strong> Jack, is madeup of the individual flags of three countries in the Kingdom. It symbolises the uni<strong>on</strong>of the countries of the UK and represents the Patr<strong>on</strong> Saints of England, Scotland andIreland.The colours of the Uni<strong>on</strong> Jack are red, white and blue. The colours represent thefollowing24