F2 - ATST
F2 - ATST
F2 - ATST
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Cultural Surveys Hawai‘i Job Code: HALEA 2Table of ContentsManagement Summary ............................................................................................................ iSection 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 11.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND.................................................................................................................11.2 SCOPE OF WORK ............................................................................................................................11.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING............................................................................................................21.3.1 Natural Setting ........................................................................................................................21.3.2 Built Setting............................................................................................................................5Section 2 Methods .................................................................................................................... 62.1 DOCUMENTARY RESEARCH ...........................................................................................................62.2 COMMMUNITY CONSULTATION.....................................................................................................6Section 3 Traditional and Historic Background ................................................................... 73.1 TRADITIONAL ACCOUNTS OF HALEAKALĀ ...................................................................................93.1.1 Legends of the Demi-god Māui as Related to Haleakalā......................................................143.1.1.1 A Description of the Demi-god Māui by Kalakaua (1888) ............................................................................ 143.1.1.2 Stories Collected by Taylor (1870) ................................................................................................................ 153.1.1.3 Legends Collected by Fornander (1919) ........................................................................................................ 163.1.2 Legends of the Goddess Pele as Related to Haleakalā .........................................................173.1.2.1 The Arrival of Pele in Hawai‘i by Kalakaua (1888)....................................................................................... 173.1.2.2 Pele Legends Collected by Fornander (1919) ................................................................................................ 183.1.2.3 Pele Legends Collected by Westervelt (1916) ............................................................................................... 183.1.2.4 A Description of the Powers of Pele by William Ellis (1826)........................................................................ 183.1.2.5 A Description of Pele’s Journey to Hawai‘i by Forbes .................................................................................. 213.1.3 Other Traditional Descriptions of Haleakalā ........................................................................213.1.3.1 A Description of the ‘Ua‘u Bird in Kalakaua (1888) ..................................................................................... 223.1.3.2 Haleakalā in Mele [music] and Oli [chants]................................................................................................... 243.2 PRE-CONTACT SETTING...............................................................................................................243.3 EARLY HISTORIC ERA TO THE LATE-1800’S. ..............................................................................253.3.1 An Expedition by Missionaries William Richards, Lorrin Andrews and Jonathan S. Greento the Summit of Haleakalā (1828).....................................................................................................253.3.2 The U.S. Navy Exploration of Haleakalā by Cmdr. Charles Wilkes (1841) ........................273.3.3 Government Survey of Haleakalā by William DeWitt Alexander (1869)............................283.3.4 An Ascent of Haleakalā by C.F. Gordon Cumming (1881)..................................................293.3.5 U.S. Geological Survey of Haleakalā by Clarence E. Dutton (1883)...................................303.4 THE PROJECT AREA IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY .....................................................................323.4.1 Geological Survey by Harold T. Stearns (1942)...................................................................323.4.2 Military Use of the Haleakalā National Park........................................................................33Section 4 Archaeological Research....................................................................................... 364.1 FIRST ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF HALEAKALĀ BY EMORY (1921) ......................................364.1.1 Haleakalā Group ...................................................................................................................364.1.2 Pu‘u Naue Group ..................................................................................................................374.1.3 Burial Ahu in Kamoa O Pele.................................................................................................374.1.4 Halāli‘i Group.......................................................................................................................384.1.5 Pa Pua‘a o Pele Group ..........................................................................................................39APPENDIX F (2): Supplemental Cultural Impact Assessment For the Proposed AdvancedTechnology Solar Telescope (<strong>ATST</strong>) at Haleakalā High Altitude ObservatoriesiiiTMK (2) 2-2-07:008