4.15 MB - Food Security Clusters

More documents

Recommendations

Info

South Sudan: How a new country can feed its peopleHunger in South Sudan1 HUNGER IN SOUTH SUDANHunger refers to the discomfort(physical and psychological) resultingfrom lack of food. In South Sudan,almost half of the population (47%) consumefewer than FAO’s minimum recommendedintake for the country of 1717 kcal per personper day to live an active and healthy life(Table 1.1). Amongst this population theaverage daily consumption is just 1318 kcalper day, some 400 kilocalories less than theminimum threshold. Consumption falls to anaverage of just 1430 kcal in Unity where 72%are food deprived.Table 1.1 – Food deprivation (consumption of fewer than1717 kcal per day)Average dailyenergyconsumptionFooddeprivation (%population)Average dailyenergyconsumption ofthe food deprived(kcal/p/day)South Sudan 1,890 47 1318Upper Nile 1,520 69 1189Jonglei 1,960 48 1261Unity 1,430 72 1165Warrap 1,650 63 1301Northern Bahr El 1,840 44 1375GhazalWestern Bahr El 1,440 74 1190GhazalLakes 1,830 54 1231Western2,490 23 1401EquatoriaCentral Equatoria 2,070 41 1345Eastern Equatoria 2,400 27 1338Sources: NBHS, 2009In this state, those that are food deprivedconsume an average of only 1165 kcal. InWestern Bahr El Ghazal, 74% are fooddeprived and in Upper Nile this is 69%. Foodinsecurity can also cause households toconsume a one-sided and unhealthy diet, sodietary diversity is anotherstrong indicator of it.Hungry people spend aHalf of the Southlarger share, if not all, ofSudanese aretheir food budget on deficient in energy,stomach-filling staples,protein andsuch as sorghum, maize essential vitaminsand millet which provideand minerals.cheap sources of calories,and they forfeit morenutritious items that provide proteins andmicro-nutrients. Therefore the less varied ahousehold’s food intake, the more likely it isto be food insecure.Dietary diversity can be captured by simplymeasuring the number of food groups (out ofseven) a households consumes over areference period of seven days. Poor fooddiversity is defined as consuming fewer thanfour food groups. Overall just over half ofhouseholds (51.3%) have poor food diversitypeaking at nearly 80% in Warrap (Table 1.2).4
South Sudan: How a new country can feed its peopleFood consumption can also becaptured by measuring the foodconsumption score (FCS), whichcombines food diversity, foodfrequency (the number of days eachfood group is consumed) and therelative nutritional importance ofdifferent food groups. The FCS usesstandardized thresholds thatsubsequently divide households intothree groups: poor foodconsumption, borderline foodconsumption and acceptable foodconsumption.Table 1.2 – Food consumptionPoorFood consumption scorefood diversity Poor Borderline AcceptableSouth Sudan 51.3 16.1 20.8 63.1Upper Nile 34.4 15.4 18.7 65.9Jonglei 57.1 13.9 16.8 69.3Unity 49.1 12.9 15.1 71.9Warrap 79.5 30.4 23.9 45.7Northern Bahr El Ghazal 63.6 27.4 31.6 40.9Western Bahr El Ghazal 45.5 11.6 20.4 68.0Lakes 73.2 18.7 21.8 59.5Western Equatoria 24.2 5.3 15.5 79.2Central Equatoria 35.1 8.3 13.1 78.6Eastern Equatoria 41.4 16.8 30.2 53.0Sources: NBHS, 2009 and SHHS, 2010Nationally, 37% of households have poor orborderline food consumption, i.e. theyconsume limited or insufficient nutritiousfoods to maintain an active and healthy life.Of these, 16% have a poor food consumption,mainly surviving on cereals and consuming noor very few proteins, vegetables and dairyproducts (less than once a week).More than a fifth (20.8%) have borderlinefood consumption, consuming cerealssupplemented with small and infrequentquantities of proteins, vegetables, sugar andoils. Households with an acceptable foodconsumption score (63.1%) have a morevaried food intake, however as can be seenfrom the previous section not all of thesehouseholds necessarily consume sufficientcalories.urban areas with 19% of rural householdshaving a poor FCS compared with 4% ofurban. This is similar for food diversity: 18% inurban areas compared with 58% in rural(Table 1.3).Table 1.3 – poor food consumption (% of households)Urban RuralPoor food consumption 4 19(FCS)Poor diversity 18 58Sources: NBHS, 2009 and SHHS, 2010Warrap, Northern Bahr El Ghazal and Lakeshave the highest incidence of poor foodconsumption, i.e. people have the leastvariety in their daily food intake. In Warrapalmost a third of households have a poor FCScompared with 5.3% in Western Equatoria(Table 1.2).There is also a stark contrast in poor foodconsumption prevalence between rural andPhoto: Lydia Wamala/WFP5
Page 2 and 3: Front page image: Lydia Wamala/WFPA
Page 5: Report on Food Security and Nutriti
Page 11 and 12: MAPS/TABLES/FIGURESList of MapsMap
Page 15 and 16: BACKGROUNDFood Security backgroundF
Page 17: MeasuringFood Insecurity inSouth Su
Page 21 and 22: South Sudan: How a new country can
Page 23 and 24: The hunger indexThe hunger index pi
Page 25 and 26: Underweight (%)South Sudan: How a n
Page 27 and 28: 19971998199920002001200220032004200
Page 29 and 30: 19961997199819992000200120022003200
Page 33 and 34: CaloriesCaloriesSouth Sudan: How a
Page 35 and 36: CaloriesCaloriesSouth Sudan: How a
Page 39 and 40: Figure 3.12 - Wealth quintiles and

4.15 MB - Food Security Clusters

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?