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ULTIMUS HAERES If a person died ‘intestate’ (without leaving a document for probate) and had no known heirs, the Crown was the ‘last heir’ or ‘ultimus haeres.’ It is interesting to note that there was no succession to or through the mother for either heritable or moveable property. If the deceased had only relatives on his mother’s side of the family, including half-brothers and sisters, they could not directly inherit. However, relatives could petition the Crown to inherit a portion of an estate. • Grants of petitions for moveable property before 1834 were recorded under the Privy Seal. Indexes survive in various forms including minute books. • Grants of petitions for heritable property before 1834 are sporadic and unindexed. • Records since 1834 are more consistent and complete and are indexed by the name of the deceased. • The petitions are part of the collection of the Exchequer (NAS online catalogue reference E). • The Family History Library does not have the petitions on microfilm. TESTATMENTS Before 1868, personal or ‘movable’ property was bequeathed to one’s heirs through a document known as a ‘testament.’ In addition, an inventory of the property was usually compiled following a person’s death. There were two types of testaments: 1. Testament Testamentar (died testate) 2.Testament Dative (died intestate) The earliest testaments date from the early 1500s. However, since a person might distribute their personal property to their heirs before their death, testaments were not always necessary. Before 1823, testaments were processed through the Commissariat Courts. The highest court, that of Edinburgh, was responsible for processing testaments from anywhere in the country (as necessary) and for subjects living abroad. After 1823, responsibility for testaments was turned over to the county Sheriff’s courts. To see a list of counties and their sheriff’s courts go to: http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/content/help/index.aspx?r=551&571. Online Index and Records A free index to 520,000 testaments and inventories, 1500-1901, is available online at: www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk. You must register to use the site. Images of the records can be purchased online for a flat £5 fee (about $ 6.50), regardless of the numbers of images. Records at the Family History Library Microfilmed copies of the testaments to 1823 (and some later) are available at the Family History Library. To find the film numbers listed in the Family History Library Catalog (FHLC), search for a county of interest and the topic of Probate Records (or see FHL register 941 P2gs). Registers of testaments and inventories for 1824-1875 are mostly unfilmed. Those that are filmed will be listed in the FHLC in the same manner. The FHL has only published indexes for testaments 1876-1936 (FHL Q book 941 Ps). Search testament records especially when— • you don’t know who the father or parents are to ancestor with a common name • there is no known specific place or parish to search next in order to find birth information; may provide clues where to search next • you don’t know the names of your ancestor’s siblings • you don’t know your ancestor’s mother’s name or maiden name (sometimes given)
In order to interpret what you find in these records, you may need to use some of the following sources. • Burness, Lawrence. A Scottish Genealogist’s Glossary. Aberdeen: Aberdeen & North East Scotland Family History Society, c1990. (FHL British Ref 941 D27bL) • _______. A Scottish Historian’s Glossary. [Scotland]: Scottish Association of Family History Societies, c1997. (FHL British book 941 H26b) • Encyclopedia of the Laws of Scotland. 16 vols and 2 supps. Edinburgh: W. Green & Son, Ltd., 1926. (FHL British book 941 P36e) • Gibb, Andrew Dewar. Student’s Glossary of Scottish Legal Terms. Edinburgh: W. Green & Son, Ltd., 1946 (FHL British book 941 P36g) • Gouldesbrough, Peter. Formulary of Old Scots Legal Documents. Vol. 36 Edinburgh: The Stair Society, 1985. (FHL British book 941 B4st v. 36) READING THE RECORDS Some records are in Latin or are difficult to read. In order to interpret what you find, you may need to use some of the following sources. • Scottish Handwriting website http://www.scottishhandwriting.com with tutorials • ScotlandsPeople online resources at http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk. Click on the link for the “Site Map” at the very bottom of the webpage. • Burness, Lawrence. A Scottish Genealogist’s Glossary. Aberdeen: Aberdeen & North East Scotland Family History Society, c1990. (FHL British Ref 941 D27bL) • A Scottish Historian’s Glossary. [Scotland]: Scottish Association of Family History Societies, c1997. (FHL British book 941 H26b) • Encyclopedia of the Laws of Scotland. 16 vols and 2 supps. Edinburgh: W. Green & Son, Ltd., 1926. (FHL British book 941 P36e) • Gibb, Andrew Dewar. Student’s Glossary of Scottish Legal Terms. Edinburgh: W. Green & Son, Ltd., 1946. (FHL British book 941 P36g) • Gouldesbrough, Peter. Formulary of Old Scots Legal Documents. Vol. 36 Edinburgh: The Stair Society, 1985. (FHL British book 941 B4st v. 36) BIBLIOGRAPHY • The National Archives of Scotland, guides to records at http://www.nas.gov.uk/guides/default.asp. • Scottish Genealogy. Druie, Bruce. Stroud, Gloucestershire: The History Press, 2009. (FHL book 941 D27 db) • Scottish Family History. Moody, David. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1998. (FHL Book # 941 D27md) • Scottish Local History, Moody, David. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1990. (FHL Book # 941 D27m) • Tracing Your Scottish Ancestors: the official guide, 5 th ed. The National Archives of Scotland and Birlinn Ltd: Edinburgh, 2009. (FHL book 941 D27s) • Tracing Your Scottish Ancestors, Maxwell, Ian. South Yorkshire: Pen and Sword Family History, 2009 (FHL Book # 941 D27mi) © 2011 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reprinted, posted online, or reproduced in any form for any purpose without the prior written permission of the publisher
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Getting to the Roots of Your Family
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Baerbel Johnson, AG Dan Poffenberge
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New Results Screen Based on user fe
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My Accuracy You can review submitte
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• FTM 2012 will sync with www.Anc
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Rose, Christine and Kay Germain Ing
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Accessing Newspapers Not Available
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To capture a portion of the screen,
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or alpha-cellulose fibers, and have
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Broken glass negatives or ambrotype
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1 Introduction How to Organize Your
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3 • Highlighter Pens - 1 each of
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5 Match the label color to the colo
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7 • Use holding files for storing
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9 One method of organizing, instead
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Getting the Most out of the Family
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B—Serials and society publication
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Dutch Family History Research on th
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http://database.zeeuwsarchief.nl -
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Overige adressen Other addresses Ov
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Netherlands, Historical Background
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What’s New in German Research on
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already posted inventories online.
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a large searchable data base, acces
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Find Your German Ancestors Now!- St
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Schul-Atlas, published 1905 and 191
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• If the ancestor was born illegi
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HANDWRITING Handwriting also varies
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Archive jurisdictions: • Self-adm
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ARCHIVE INVENTORY VOCABULARY • Be
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Page 71 and 72: GETTING STARTED Introduction to Iri
Page 73 and 74: o Very little on microfilm - some p
Page 75 and 76: ONLINE SOURCES • FamilySearch Res
Page 77 and 78: CENSUS RECORDS (Records locating fa
Page 79 and 80: CEMETERIES & BURIALS (Find where an
Page 81 and 82: On the above chart, even if you do
Page 83 and 84: � Tithe Applotment—1823-1837 he
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Page 87 and 88: ascertain the PLU. Use the FHL Cata
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Page 91 and 92: o Wills o Sales, Assignments or Con
Page 93 and 94: CENSUS RECORDS PATRON CLASS HANDOUT
Page 95 and 96: INTRODUCTION PATRON CLASS HANDOUT
Page 97 and 98: Deaths 1855 - 2009 Indexes Records
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Page 109 and 110: FAMILY HISTORY SOCIETIES Every coun
Page 111 and 112: Time Period Before 1540 1600-1609 1
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Page 119 and 120: OVERVIEW The Parish Chest: Beyond t
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Page 125 and 126: BIBLIOGRAPHY BIBLIOGRAPHY/FURTHER B
Page 127 and 128: Finding Other Indexes - Using FHLC:
Page 129 and 130: FAMILY HISTORY PATRON CLASS HANDOUT
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Page 133 and 134: • Burials: Place, date, name of b
Page 135 and 136: information on Non-Conformist recor
Page 137 and 138: FINDING A CENSUS 1. Pick a Web site
Page 139 and 140: FAMILY HISTORY PATRON CLASS HANDOUT
Page 141 and 142: 1. FreeBMD FreeBMD is a computerize
Page 143 and 144: INTRODUCTION “Is That English?”
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Page 147 and 148: • Every word in Latin has an endi
Page 149 and 150: 1. Where to Begin? a. Who are you l
Page 151 and 152: Societies Webinars E. Check Other R
Page 153: Birth Calculator http://www.wdbj.ne
Page 156 and 157: http://wiki.familyserach.org - Rese
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