Radio evolution - ICS - Universidade do Minho

Oliveira, M.; Portela, P. & Santos, L.A. (eds.) (2012)Radio Evolution: Conference ProceedingsSeptember, 14-16, 2011, Braga, University of Minho: Communication and Society Research CentreISBN 978-989-97244-9-5Free, Pirate, Community – the representation ofidentities on FM radios in São Paulo/BrazilEDUARDO VICENTEUniversidade de São Pauloeduvicente@usp.brAbstract:This paper proposes to offer an up-to-date perspective of the FM radio broadcasting scenario inthe city of São Paulo (Brazil), focusing on its commercial, educational, pirate and communityradios. Special attention is given to pirate and community radios in an attempt to demonstrate theimpasses encountered in developing a radio broadcasting system able to represent the city’sethnic, religious, geographic, political and culture diversity. The term “community radio” usedherein refers to radio stations that have been authorized to broadcast within this modality basedon legislation passed in 1998. The current situation of community radios in the city will be lookedinto and, because of its importance within this scenario, a more detailed description will be offeredof the Heliopolis FM Radio Station (87.5 MHz), created in 1992 and which in 2008 became the firstlegal community radio in São Paulo.Keywords: radio in São Paulo; Brazilian community radios; heliopolis radio; pirate radios in SãoPaulo.The objective of this paper is to furnish an up-to-date overview of the radio broadcasting scenario in SãoPaulo (Brazil), with special attention given to the potential of community and pirate radios in expressing the city’scultural diversity. Keeping in mind that we consider “community” radio stations only those that have been grantedlegal authorization to operate, it should be noted that this is a considerably recent development as the firstauthorization was obtained only in 2008. Besides listing a few of the community radio stations in the city, wepresent a more in-depth study on Heliopolis FM 87.5, created in 1992, which is probably the most active to date.The authors would like to express their special thanks to researcher Gisele Sayeg Nunes Ferreira for her generouscontribution to our work.São Paulo is the biggest city in Brazil. The capital of the state of the same name, it is located in theSoutheastern Region of the country and is home to an approximate population of 11 million inhabitants, andincreasing to 19 million if we consider its larger metropolitan area (Greater São Paulo) comprised of 39municipalities. Throughout its history, the city has been the destiny of a large number of foreign immigrants,making up the large Italian, Spanish, Japanese and Arabian communities, among others. The city has also seen theinflux of a large contingent of domestic immigrants hailing, in their majority, from the Northeastern Region ofBrazil, less developed than the Southern and Southeastern regions.This present study focuses on the city’s FM stations that operate between 87,5 MHz and 107,9 MHz. InBrazil, FM frequencies began to be commercially exploited during the second half of the 60s, mainly forbroadcasting music.ECREA: ‘Radio Evolution: technology, contents, audiences – conference 2011 | 467