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Chapter 4Getting Information about Running Processes—ps,top, and pgrepTo see a list of currently running processes, you can use the ps(1) command. Theps utility shows a list containing information about the running processes, theirPIDs, current process status, the process owner, and other information based on thecommand line arguments you specify.# psPID TT STAT TIME COMMAND893 v0 Is+ 0:00.00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv0894 v1 Is+ 0:00.00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv1895 v2 Is+ 0:00.00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv2896 v3 Is+ 0:00.00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv3908 p0 I 0:00.01 su -909 p0 S 0:00.14 -su (csh)5638 p0 R+ 0:00.00 psThe above output shows a list of currently running processes, which are owned bythe current user. To see a list of all the processes running on the system, you can use-a flag. The popular combination of argument for ps is -auxww. The -u argumentshows the owner, the name for each process, -x shows processes that are notattached to any terminals (mostly daemons), and -ww shows the outputin wide format, including the complete command line with arguments of therunning process.Using the ps command, you can see only the process list and its status, the momentyou invoke the ps command. Instead, top(1) command shows an interactive andlive list of running processes, sorted by their PID. The top can be used to identifythe active processes and see how much of the system resources they use. The top(1)also shows the current memory allocation and processor(s) status for the system andeach process.[ 65 ]
System Configuration—System ManagementThe output generated by the top command is shown in the following screenshot:The pgrep(1) helps you to find PID(s) of running processes by their names. It takesa pattern in the command line and returns PID for any match of the process. Theoutput of pgrep can be used in conjunction with the other utilities to perform batchtasks on running processes:# pgrep httpd175517541753175217511750The above example returns any PIDs for processes whose names matches with thehttpd string.[ 66 ]
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Network Administration withFreeBSD
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CreditsAuthorBabak FarrokhiProject
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About the ReviewerRoman Bogorodskiy
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Table of ContentsCVS Branch Tag 37C
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Table of ContentsNetwork Testing To
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Table of ContentsWeb 227Apache 228V
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PrefaceWhat This Book CoversChapter
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PrefaceA block of code will be set
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System Configuration—DisksDisk I/
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Chapter 1Depending on your system I
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Chapter 1In the above example, I cr
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Chapter 1The following example show
Page 28 and 29: Chapter 1To unmount the mounted sna
Page 30 and 31: Chapter 1Soft limit is the conditio
Page 32 and 33: Chapter 1A typical full backup usin
Page 34 and 35: Chapter 1A typical restore procedur
Page 36 and 37: Chapter 1In all the above examples,
Page 38 and 39: Chapter 1The newly created and form
Page 40 and 41: Chapter 1Using the activate and dea
Page 42 and 43: System Configuration—Keeping it U
Page 44 and 45: Chapter 2After choosing to track th
Page 46 and 47: Chapter 2Edit src/UPDATING...Finish
Page 48 and 49: Running CVSup brings your ports col
Page 50 and 51: Chapter 2The FreeBSD security offic
Page 52 and 53: Chapter 2If there is no /usr/src/sy
Page 57 and 58: System Configuration—Keeping it U
Page 60 and 61: System Configuration—Software Pac
Page 62 and 63: Chapter 3# makeMaking all in script
Page 64 and 65: Chapter 3The pkg_delete(1) needs th
Page 66 and 67: Chapter 3Targetrmconfigrmconfig-rec
Page 68 and 69: Chapter 3you decide to change the o
Page 70 and 71: Chapter 3In the above example, the
Page 72 and 73: Chapter 3# portversion -voL =thunde
Page 74: Chapter 3Another thing to remember
Page 77: System Configuration—System Manag
Page 81 and 82: System Configuration—System Manag
Page 88 and 89: System Configuration—JailsFreeBSD
Page 90 and 91: Chapter 5Setting Up a JailCreating
Page 92 and 93: Chapter 5The local address field ha
Page 94 and 95: • Set root password using the pas
Page 96 and 97: Chapter 5As you have noticed from t
Page 98: Chapter 5Jail LimitationsThe FreeBS
Page 101 and 102: System Configuration—Tuning Perfo
Page 114 and 115: Network Configuration—BasicsFreeB
Page 116 and 117: Chapter 7Flag nameLOOPBACKPOINTTOPO
Page 118 and 119: Chapter 7When an interface is marke
Page 120 and 121: Chapter 7You can also shorten the s
Page 122 and 123: Chapter 7Once your new kernel with
Page 124 and 125: Chapter 7To find out the capabiliti
Page 126 and 127: Chapter 7From now on, the parent in
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Chapter 7You have to use the tso4 a
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Chapter 7There may be some rare cir
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Default RoutingIf an outgoing packe
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The following is a sample resolv.co
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Chapter 72 8.14.32.209 (8.14.32.209
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Chapter 7bge1 1500 00:16:35:80:ac:
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Chapter 7There are several tools av
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For example, the following command
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Chapter 7SummaryFreeBSD has most of
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Network Configuration—TunnelingIn
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Network Configuration—TunnelingNo
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Network Configuration—TunnelingTu
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Network Configuration—TunnelingTh
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Network Configuration—TunnelingOn
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Network Configuration—TunnelingTo
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Network Configuration—PPPPPP over
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Network Configuration—PPPOption-d
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Network Configuration—PPPThe next
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Network Configuration—PPPAs we ha
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Network Configuration—PPPThere ma
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Network Configuration—Routing and
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Chapter 10192.168.129.64 ff:ff:ff:f
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Chapter 10You can add a route to th
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Chapter 10These daemons update the
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Chapter 10}interface fxp0{auth-key
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Chapter 10A sample bgpd.conf file l
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Chapter 10The term Forwarding Infor
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Chapter 1067:65:31:00:00:00 1 flags
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Chapter 10The keyword pub tells ARP
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Network Configuration—IPv6FreeBSD
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Network Configuration—IPv6inet6 f
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Network Configuration—IPv6To enab
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Network Configuration—IPv6A sampl
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Network Configuration—FirewallsPa
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Network Configuration—FirewallsTh
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Network Configuration—FirewallsYo
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Network Configuration—FirewallsDy
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Network Configuration—FirewallsKe
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Network Configuration—FirewallsPF
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Network Configuration—FirewallsTh
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Network Configuration—FirewallsYo
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Network Configuration—FirewallsAs
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Network Services—InternetServersF
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Chapter 13In case you want to add a
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Chapter 13Once a match is found, tc
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To create a SSH public/private key
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Chapter 13There may also be cases w
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Chapter 13Using this method, the SM
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Chapter 13Once the host is synchron
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Chapter 13There is another option,
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Chapter 13MonitoringWhile setting u
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Chapter 13FTPSince SFTP (from SSH t
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You should also fix the permissions
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Chapter 13Note the NONE keyword, wh
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Chapter 13Postfix configuration fil
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# rm data# ln -s homepage dataChapt
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Chapter 13Luckily, Squid is availab
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Chapter 13SummaryFreeBSD can be use
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Network Services—Local Network Se
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Domain Name System. See DNSDynamic
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encryption, applying on packets 139
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RRAID-GEOM framework, systemconfigu
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