learn$ave Project: Final ReportChapter 9 Lessons learned 103Implementation <strong>and</strong> delivery 103Saving outcomes 104Impacts on education enrolment <strong>and</strong> small-business start-ups 104Role of additional services 105Costs 105Conclusion 105Appendix A Approaches to encouraging higher education <strong>and</strong> learning 107Appendix B learn$ave financial management training curriculum 119Appendix C Methodology <strong>and</strong> data sources for implementation <strong>and</strong> service delivery research 121Appendix D Detailed description of methodology: Missing data imputation, impact estimates adjustment, <strong>and</strong> response bias testing 125Appendix E Characteristics of sample for analysis of effects of IDA program parameters on learn$ave saving activity 135Appendix F learn$ave impacts on savings, net worth, <strong>and</strong> education: Detailed results 139Appendix G Cost-effectiveness analysis versus cost-benefit analysis 155Appendix H Discount values <strong>and</strong> costs 157Appendix I Cost-economy of learn$ave activities, administration, overhead, <strong>and</strong> matched credits in their “natural” units 159learn$ave glossary 161References 163ii | Table of contents <strong>Social</strong> <strong>Research</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Demonstration</strong> <strong>Corp</strong>oration
learn$ave Project: Final ReportTablesTable 1.1 Summary of Recent Canadian Savings Policies 2Table 2.1 learn$ave Program Saving Parameters 1 , by Site 11Table 3.1 Number of learn$ave Participants, by Study Type, <strong>Research</strong> Group, Site, <strong>and</strong> Income Assistance (IA) Status 26Table 3.2 learn$ave Survey Response, by Survey <strong>and</strong> <strong>Research</strong> Group 28Table 3.3 Baseline Characteristics (%) <strong>and</strong> Differences between <strong>Research</strong> Groups, for 54-month Respondents 29(Continued) 30Table 4.1 Proportion of Population Likely to be Eligible for learn$ave (Experimental Study Sites only) 35Table 4.2 Comparison between learn$ave Sample at Baseline <strong>and</strong> Eligible Population for the Experimental Study Sites (%), 2002 36Table 4.3 Incidence <strong>and</strong> Intensity of Financial Management Training, Over 48 Months, Program Group Participants 38Table 4.4 Provision of learn$ave Services, by Program Group, Over 48 Months 39Table 5.1 Mean Participant Net Savings in learn$ave Account ($), by Project Site, at 36 Months 48Table 5.2 Participation in learn$ave Saving Activities, Over 36 Months, Program Group Participants 48Table 5.3 Early Savings Incidence <strong>and</strong> Share of Total Savings, in learn$ave Account (%), Program Group Participants 50Table 5.4 Initial Typology of learn$ave Savers According to Saving/Dissaving Patterns 55Table 5.5 learn$ave Matched Withdrawals, Over 48 Months, Program Group Participants 57Table 5.6 Final Typology of learn$ave Participants According to their Account Use Patterns 60Table 5.7 Impact of Financial Management Training <strong>and</strong> Case Management Services on learn$ave Savings <strong>and</strong> Withdrawals,Over 48 Months, Program Group Participants 61Table 5.8 Effects of Program Design Parameters, Income Assistance Status, Participant Characteristics, <strong>and</strong> Unemployment Rate on Cummulative Savings <strong>and</strong>Proportion of Months Saved: Regression Coefficients, learn$ave-plus <strong>and</strong> Non-experimental Particpants 64Table 6.1 Impacts on Incidence of Budgeting <strong>and</strong> Financial Goal Setting (Percentage Points) at 18, 40 <strong>and</strong> 54 Months,All Participants – Adjusted 68Table 6.2 Impacts on Savings (Change in Financial Assets) (Average Dollars), All Participants – Adjusted 69Table 6.3 Impacts on Self-Reported Saving over Past Year (Average <strong>and</strong> Percentage Points), at 40 Months <strong>and</strong> 54 Months,All Participants – Adjusted 70Table 6.4 Impacts on Saving Levels <strong>and</strong> Incidence, at 54 Months (Average $), by Household Income Level in Year Prior to Application, All Participants – Adjusted 72Table 6.5 Impacts on Asset <strong>and</strong> Debt Components of Net Worth (Average Dollars), at 18, 40 <strong>and</strong> 54 Months, All Participants – Adjusted 73Table 6.6 Impacts on Financial Integration (Percentage Points), at 54 Months, All Participants – Adjusted 74Table 6.7 Impacts on Incidence of Hardship <strong>and</strong> Life Satisfaction Level (Percentage Points or Average), at 18, 40 <strong>and</strong> 54 Months, All Participants – Adjusted 76Table 7.1 Impacts on Attitudes towards Education (Percentage Points) at Month 54, Education Stream Participants – Adjusted 80Table 7.2 Impacts on Participation in Education <strong>and</strong> Training (Percentage Points or Average), during the 54 Months, Education Stream – Adjusted 82Table 7.3 Impacts on Education Program Enrolment (Percentage Points), during the 54 Months, by Selected Characteristics at Baseline (%), Education Stream,Participants – Adjusted 84Table 7.4 Impacts on Education, Funding <strong>and</strong> Training Costs <strong>and</strong> Intensity (Average), during the 54 Months, Education Stream Participants – Adjusted 86Table 7.5 Impacts on Labour Force Outcomes (Percentage Points or Average), at 54 Months, Education Stream Participants – Adjusted 87Table 7.6 Impacts on Self-employment (Percentage Points or Average) over the 54 Months, Micro-enterprise Stream Participants – Adjusted 89Table 7.7 Impacts on Average Business Assets <strong>and</strong> Liabilities (Average Dollars), at 54 Months, MicroEnterprise Stream Participants – Adjusted 90Table 8.1 learn$ave Present Value Cost-Economy Per Program Group Member <strong>and</strong> Cost-Efficiency ($), by Program Group, All Program Group Participants 95Table 8.2 learn$ave Present Value Cost-Effectiveness, by Program Group, All Program Group Participants 98Table 8.3 learn$ave Present Value Cost-Economy, Cost-Efficiency, <strong>and</strong> Cost-Effectiveness ($), by Saving Stream <strong>and</strong> Program Group, All Program Group Participants 99<strong>Social</strong> <strong>Research</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Demonstration</strong> <strong>Corp</strong>oration Table of contents | iii
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