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$CBA SMA\SMA 2002.PDF - Council for British Archaeology$




10EXCAVATIONS AT MIDDLETON STONEY, Oxfordshire (SP 534233)- Trevor RowleY,Oxford University Department for External StudiesThe eighth and final season of excavation during the current programmeof work at Middleton Stoney took place in July and August 1977. Work continuedto be concentrated in the eastern enclosure in order to define theextent of Romano-British and Iron Age occupation and to date the enclosureboundary (see Fig. 5 ).A section across the eastern ditch revealed it to be rather deeper(c. 2.50 m.) than its equivalent on the southern side (c.1.5 m.). Considerablequantities of worn Romano-British and Iron Age pottery were found in theprimary silt and in lesser quantities throughOut the rest of the ditch-fill.Only a scatter of medieval sherds were found in the upper layers. Extensiveinvestigation under the rampart revealed considerable Romano-British stratifiedlevels, including the remains of some considerable stone based structureswhich in turn lay on top of post-hole buildings of indeterminate date.Two o;ther finds were of particular importance, a large stone wall withdistinctive coursing which lay on top of the Roman layer, and fragments ofan early Saxon pot. On the basis of this evidence and the absence of medievalsherds from the make-up of the rampart it is possible to date thebank and ditch to somewhere during the late Anglo-Saxon period. The evidenceis insufficient to indicate the nature of the structure, but it is temptingto link it with the late Saxon site at Sulgrave and tentatively identify itas a burgwerk.Of the interior structures identified the largest was a curious structuremeasuring 5 m. by 4 m. consisting of pieces of slate/limestone set atan angle within shallow gullies. The form and function of the structure isnot clear although it would appear to have been a fairly flimsy timber buildingalmost certainly associated with the Romano-British farmstead.The evidence from Middleton Stoney would now suggest the followingchronology: 1) an Iron Age settlement, probably a farmstead of indeterminatesize dating from c.200 BC to the Roman occupation; 2) a Romano-British farmsteaddating from the late C1st through to c.200 AD; 3) the replacement ofthis structure by a villa/farmstead to the E, so far unlocated but identifiedthrough the sealed layers beneath the rampart; 4) possible post-Roman occupation,so far identified by a single pottery find; 5) a late Saxon fortification/enclosure,traces of which have now been found beneath the rampartand the make-up for the base of the Norman keep; 6) the Norman stone keep;7) the C13th manor house, built in the eastern and western enclosure of thedismantled castle.While it is not possible to talk confidently of continuous occupation onthe site, it now seems reasonably clear that the site at Middleton Stoney hasbeen the focus of occupation for over 2 millenia. This pattern of repeatedoccupation of a site or area over a considerable time-span is now apparentat a number of sites in the region.
0 10 15 20 25MetresCutting IExcavated area showing RomanRoman featuresfarmstead and enclosure and the post-Figure 5
Page 3: fce&A.J.COUNCIL FOR BRITISH ARCHAEO
Page 6 and 7: 2PREHISTORICMARSWORTH,Buckinghamshi
Page 8 and 9: L'The number of flints illustrated
Page 10 and 11: .DORt$1FiTER.:577S(144.50Otel Stree
Page 12 and 13: 8Key for Figure 4No. 1 Beaker with
Page 16 and 17: 12ANGLO-SAXONNORTHAMPTONSHIRE CEMET
Page 18 and 19: 14RAUNDS, Northamptonshire (SP 9987
Page 20 and 21: GROVE PRIORYf,,,,,,,,,,,,,Figure 6
Page 22 and 23: 18The decay of this church was inev
Page 24 and 25: 20in an otherwise unflinty very dar
Page 26 and 27: 22s Neolithic flints and parts of p
Page 28 and 29: 214in a single village. It also gav
Page 30 and 31: AERIAL SURVEYS - Jim PickeringA num
Page 32 and 33: 28traction site at Newnham near Bed
Page 34 and 35: .INFORMATIONINHERITEDSURVIVALSsites
Page 36 and 37: 32HISTORIC ENVIRONMENTPARISH SURVEY
Page 38 and 39: 34of owner and condition of site; f
Page 40 and 41: 5. Excavation, Post-Excavation and
Page 42 and 43: 38sites and five sites at which Rom
Page 44 and 45: 40NORTHAMPTON CASTLE (Site Code M13
Page 46 and 47: 142MILTON KEYNES,DEVELOPMENT CORPOR
Page 48 and 49: small area beyond the water main wa
Page 50 and 51: salvage operations which took place
Page 52 and 53: THE ROMAN FEATURESIn its earliest p
Page 54 and 55: DIAGRAM SHOWING THE LIMITATIONS OF
Page 56 and 57: 52did seem to be specifically conce
Page 58 and 59: , i"1111!'.LTrsG j4.-+...1';r1* pp.
Page 60 and 61: 56Building 32This was a small lean-
Page 62 and 63: 58POST EXCAVATIONRomanThe Bradwell
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60twenty early maps of villages wit
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62OXFORDSHIRE COUATY COUNCIL DEPART
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6)4//TitEARTHWORKSWORKED FLINTS1,,b
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67route across the Chil Brook strea
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69\ 1 1/it\\\L/Figure 20bside and i
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7116, Ock Street similarly began as
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73MINSTER LOVELL , Oxon.DOVECOTE AT
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77known within the parish at presen
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79number of smaller closes by 1620.
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810 Metres 100L:C1111:177STANTONHOU
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83The two surviving pubs in the vil
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85Stone-quarry (PRN 1021) and limek
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87Richard, R.L. (ed)The progress no
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894. Central village nucleusEarthwo
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91BUILDINGSThe oldest surviving bui
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93interior has suffered badly from
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95OXFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL UNIT 1
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97the Unit's publication programme
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99the University continue to grow n
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101NEW ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES ON THE
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103Shrivenham (SU 263877) ? Field S
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105FINSTOCK, Topples - Richard Cham
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Figure 31ABINGDON/RADLEY, BARTON CO
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1094s...ISiII.II11..0.0 ..... .....
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,et/11,11MMMU/ f Pitt WU? eimtI:,.,
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113HARDWICK with YELFORDAMMISMVA00M
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water features filled insince 1810o
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117St. Helen's Church and the adjac
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1surface119OXFORD, St. Mary's Colle
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121of some arable land (V.C.H. Oxon
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123Opportunities for archaeologists
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125Luton MuseumThe Curator, Wardown
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127Oxford University Institute of A
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