Measuring physical fitness in Persons with Severe/Profound ...

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Modified Berg Balance Scale scoresIn the BBS, a score of 80% (45 points) indicates sufficient balance [26]. However, this cut-offvalue cannot simply be applied to the mBBS, as the modifications influence the cut-off valueand thus render a comparison meaningless. For that reason, we will describe the scores of theparticipants without the cut-off values.ResultsFeasibilityTasks 1, 3, 4, 7, and 8 were completed by all 39 participants; tasks 2, 5 and 12 by 38 participants,tasks 9 and 11 by 37 participants, and tasks 6 and 10 by 36 participants (Table 2). Thirty-six out of39 participants (=92%) completed all tasks. The duration of the test was about 30 minutes.Table 2. Percentage successful mBBS measurements in GMFCS level I and II participants (n=39)*Tasks1, 3, 4, 7, 8Tasks2, 5, 12Tasks9, 11Tasks6, 10Percentagesuccessfulmeasurements100% 97% 95% 92%*mBBS, modified Berg Balance Scale; GMFCS, Gross Motor Function Classification SystemTest-retest reliabilityTable 3 summarizes the medians of test and retest, the results of the ICC analysis, and theproportion of equal scores.The ICC for the tasks 1, 4, and 5 was considered moderate, for the tasks 2, 7, 9, 10 strong, forthe tasks 6, 8, 11, 12, and the total score very good, whereas the ICC for the task 3 could not becomputed, because the scale has zero variance items. The ICC for the total score without tasks9 and 10 was 0.97 (0.94-0.98), which is very good [35]. Cronbach’s alpha for tasks 1–12 was 0.84[36]. The obtained proportions of equal scores were greater than or equal to 0.80 with Wilson95% CI between 0.60 and 1.00 for tasks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, and 12 (Table 3). However, theproportion of equal scores was
Table 3. Medians of test and retest, results of the ICC analysis with 95% confidence intervals, and the proportionof equal scores with Wilson confidence intervals.*MedianTestMedianRetestICC95% CIP of equalscores95% CITask 1 4 4 0.680.40-0.84Task 2 4 4 0.760.53-0.88Task3 4 4 Could not becomputedTask 4 4 4 0.45-0.46-0.71Task 5 4 4 0.640.31-0.81Task 6 0 0 0.910.81-0.95Task 7 4 4 0.740.49-0.86Task 8 2 2 0.990.98-0.99Task 9 3 3 0.860.72-0.93Task 10 2 2 0.720.48-0.86Task 11 0 0 0.950.89-0.97Task 12 4 4 0.980.95-0.99Total score 35 35 0.950.92-0.980.820.67-0.910.840.69-0.920.970.87-1.000.900.76-0.960.840.70-0.930.880.72-0.950.900.76-0.960.920.79-0.970.680.51-0.810.540.39-0.680.830.67-0.920.940.82-0.98-*Two-way random; total agreement; ICC, Intra Class Correlation Coefficient, CI, confidence intervals;P, proportion.98 | Chapter 6
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Measuring physical fitnessin person
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Rijksuniversiteit GroningenMeasurin
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Chapter 1IntroductionChapter 1 | 9
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overweight [15]. This prevalence is
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Theoretical framework of the studyI
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Components of physical fitnessThe a
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Therefore, a study is put forward w
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2002;40:436-444.19 Temple VA, Frey
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Chapter 2Feasibility and reliabilit
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IntroductionPhysical fitness and he
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GMFCS was presented to the investig
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Body weightTo determine the body we
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Table 1 Results of Wilcoxon rank te
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Calculation of heightThe mean (SD)
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DiscussionThe results of our study
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References1 Bouchard C, Shepard RJ,
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37 Rimmer J, Kelly LE, Rosentswieg
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Chapter 3Measuring waist circumfere
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IntroductionChildren and adults wit
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participants. These calculations as
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Data analysisThe data were analyzed
Page 48: Table 2. Simple regression analysis
Page 54 and 55: Chapter 4Feasibility and reliabilit
Page 56 and 57: IntroductionPeople with intellectua
Page 58 and 59: Eighty representatives gave permiss
Page 60 and 61: 3) The measurement procedure: The m
Page 62 and 63: and whether motivation influenced t
Page 64 and 65: Table 3. Mean peak heart rate achie
Page 66 and 67: AcknowledgementsThis research was f
Page 68 and 69: 21 Hopkins WG, Gaeta H, Thomas AC,
Page 70 and 71: Chapter 5Psychometric quality of a
Page 72 and 73: IntroductionIntellectual disability
Page 74 and 75: Exclusion criteria were mental or p
Page 76 and 77: participant had fulfilled the task.
Page 78 and 79: Table 2. Descriptive results peak h
Page 80 and 81: Table 3. Test-retest reliability of
Page 82 and 83: Table 4. Correlation scored motivat
Page 84 and 85: preceding GXT results on HR peak. G
Page 86 and 87: References1 Schalock R, Brown I, Br
Page 88 and 89: 37 Stanish HI, Temple VA, Frey GC.
Page 90 and 91: Chapter 6Feasibility and reliabilit
Page 92 and 93: IntroductionLocomotor skills in peo
Page 94 and 95: this study was to evaluate the feas
Page 96 and 97: obtained from the legal representat
Page 100 and 101: Modified Berg Balance Scale scoresT
Page 102 and 103: References1 Van Erkelens-Zwets JHJ
Page 104 and 105: 39 Dorai-Raj S. Binomial Confidence
Page 106 and 107: Chapter 7Feasibility, test-retest r
Page 108 and 109: IntroductionPersons with profound i
Page 110 and 111: DesignThe muscle tone and spasticit
Page 112 and 113: Interrater reliabilityFirstly, to d
Page 114 and 115: Table 3. Summary of the statistical
Page 116 and 117: Table 6. Summary of the statistical
Page 118 and 119: RecommendationsThe feasibility of c
Page 120 and 121: 18 Gielen EJJM. Is spasticiteit te
Page 122 and 123: Chapter 8Heart Rate Pattern as an I
Page 124 and 125: IntroductionIt is important to gain
Page 126 and 127: 48 persons18 persons lacked permiss
Page 128 and 129: Furthermore, the mean and the range
Page 130 and 131: Table 3. Day-to-day outline of the
Page 132 and 133: Relation between heart rate pattern
Page 134 and 135: patterns in this study we can concl
Page 136 and 137: References1 Emerson E. Underweight,
Page 138 and 139: 38 Multilevel Models Project (2004)
Page 140 and 141: Chapter 9General DiscussionChapter
Page 142 and 143: on this. To sum up, testing in pers
Page 144 and 145: for future research it is recommend
Page 146 and 147: studies. Randomized Controlled Tria
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of these individuals require more?
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19 Lahtinen U, Rintala P, Malin A.
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SummarySummary | 151
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problems in both locomotor skills a
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subjects are to be applied to perso
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may be an indicator of activity lev
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SamenvattingSamenvatting | 159
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InleidingVoldoende bewegen en fithe
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verstandelijk niveau en bepaalde mo
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Hieruit bleek, dat de motivatie van
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Verder is duidelijk geworden dat me
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DankwoordDankwoord | 169
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De leden van de leescommissie, prof
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Judith van der Boom, dank je wel vo
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Dankwoord | 175
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Curriculum vitaeCurriculum vitae |
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Curriculum vitae | 179
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