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pdf - Protestant Reformed Churches in America

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Thomas Bradward<strong>in</strong>e:Forgotten MedievalAugust<strong>in</strong>ian (3)Russell J. DykstraSalvation by GraceIn harmony with the doctr<strong>in</strong>es ofthe sovereignty ofGod andsovereign predest<strong>in</strong>ation, Bradward<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong>sists that salvation is ofgrace. By that he means both that salvation is a gracious, that is,unmerited gift, and that salvation is worked by the powerofGod'sgrace. In the preface to The Cause ofGod he compla<strong>in</strong>s, "Howmany, today, 0 Lord, with Pelagius, oppose Thy freely givengrace... and believe that only by their free will can they ga<strong>in</strong> theirsalvation.'"A key issue that he faces <strong>in</strong> this connection is the matter ofmerit. The doctr<strong>in</strong>e ofmerit was deeply <strong>in</strong>gra<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> the church <strong>in</strong>Bradward<strong>in</strong>e's day. It was a significant part ofPelagius' theology<strong>in</strong> the fourth century. Pelagius <strong>in</strong>sisted that natural, fallen man isable to do good. He ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed that there are three aspects to agood work of man - the ability, the will, and the act itself. Hetaught that God graciously made man with the ability to do good(part of God's grace given at creation), and that man - also afterthe fall - has the will and the power to do good works. The onlyadditional grace needed is an external grace given through thegood <strong>in</strong>fluence ofthe exampleofChrist and by the preach<strong>in</strong>gofthelaw. Thus man can do good and <strong>in</strong> fact merited sav<strong>in</strong>g grace by sodo<strong>in</strong>g.Even though August<strong>in</strong>e had effectively rejected Pelagianism,the Semi-Pelagianism that arose after August<strong>in</strong>e still ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>edl. Bradward<strong>in</strong>e, Cause, Preface, p. 1, quoted <strong>in</strong> Oberman, ArchbishopBradward<strong>in</strong>e, p. 28.14 PRTJ

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