93 106CHAPTER TWOPrinciplesPrinciples on protection of watersArticle 4 — For preventing protection and pollution of waters;a) To prepare permission letters for every kind of polluting sources forcontrol of water pollution,b) To equalize amount of clean water taken and the amount ofwastewater for domestic wastewaters,c) Determination of most concentrated regions of water pollution in theframe of water quality criteria that will provide classification according tovarious purposes of surface waters, underground waters and sea water, to makeworks on most appropriate use of water sources and designation of precedenceof precautions those will be taken,d) Production with technology that will prevent pollution at its sourceby minimizing waste concentration and wastewater amount.e) Choosing appropriate technical and economical treatment methods inwastewater treatment,f) Building common wastewater treatment facility for industries andsettlements producing similar wastewatersg) Design of wastewater treatment facilities as to be make nitrogen andphosphor elimination when needed, where discharge will be made to sensitiveareas such as lake, pond, bay, gulf with risk of eutrophication.h) To take necessary precautions to protect water products productionareas,ı) No receiving environment standard have been submitted in thestandard lists for private environment protection regions of which descriptionsare made under this regulation; complying with quality parameters of highestquality waters and taking special precautions being separately for each of thegroups under water environments quality classification lists given underregulation,
94 107Polluting effects of which waters will be protected fromArticle 6 — Main effects causing pollution due to domestic, industrial,agricultural wastewaters and sea traffic and similar sources are given below.a) Fecal wastes,b) Organic wastes,c) Chemical wastes,d) Excessive discharge of nutrition materials causing excessiveproduction to damage the balance of receiving environmente) Waste heat,f) Radioactive waste,g) Materials scraped from the bottom of sea, mud, rubbish andexcavation wastes and discharge of similar wastes,h) Petrol derived solid and liquid wastes from ships and other seavehicles (bilge water, dirty ballast, sludge, slop, oil and similar wastes),ı) Other than the abovementioned matters with limit values inDangerous and Harmful Matters Notification.Chapter ThreeClassification of Water EnvironmentIndustrial Wastewater Discharge StandardsArticle 31 — Industries have been grouped according to theirproduction types and sixteen sectors have been formed. Wastewater standardsin Table 5-20 aren’t applied for the ones completely working in dry type underthose sectors. Sectors and industry types of those sectors are given below.a) Food industry sector: flour factories, macaroni factories, yeastindustry, milk and dairy products, obtaining fat from fatty seed and oil refining,olive oil and soup production, solid oil refining, slaughterhouses and integratedmeat facilities, fish and bone flour production, slaughter by-productsprocessing, vegetable and fruit washing and processing, plant processing, sugarindustry, salt processing, field fishery, water products evaluation and similarindustrial establishments.
- Page 1 and 2:
1DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITYGRADUATE SCH
- Page 4 and 5:
4ACKNOWLEDGMENTSI thank my advisor
- Page 6 and 7:
6Keywords: Leather, treatment, tann
- Page 8 and 9:
8toplanarak, bertaraf edilmektedir.
- Page 10 and 11:
103.1.2.4 Draining, Samming, and Se
- Page 12 and 13:
126.1 Mechanical Treatment….…
- Page 14 and 15:
14CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTIONToday leat
- Page 16 and 17:
163CHAPTER TWOLEATHER PRODUCTION2.1
- Page 18 and 19:
18 5In year 2005, a total of 65 mil
- Page 20 and 21:
20 73.1.1.2 Fleshing and Trimming(E
- Page 22 and 23:
22 9specifically treated, however,
- Page 24 and 25:
11 24weak alkalis (e. g. Sodium or
- Page 26 and 27:
13 26Figure 3.1 An overview on the
- Page 28 and 29:
15 284.1.3 (Wet) Finishing Chemical
- Page 30 and 31:
30Table 4.1 Major, Moderate and Pot
- Page 32 and 33:
32 19Where effluent is discharged d
- Page 34 and 35:
34 21If the wastewater is to be dis
- Page 36 and 37:
36 23In order to assess an effluent
- Page 38 and 39:
25 382. The nitrogen released throu
- Page 40 and 41:
27 40This bacteria conversion to hy
- Page 42 and 43:
29 42Municipal and common treatment
- Page 44 and 45:
31 445.1.11 Air Emissions(The Leath
- Page 46 and 47:
33 46• Recover energy from the dr
- Page 48 and 49:
35 48Coagulation and flocculation a
- Page 50 and 51:
37 506.2.3 Facultative PondsPonds i
- Page 52 and 53:
39 52whilst the sludge-water mixtur
- Page 54 and 55:
4154Denitrification(2):6NO3 + 2 CH3
- Page 56 and 57: 43 566.5 Environmentally Clean Tech
- Page 58 and 59: 45 586.5.1 High Exhaustion(Blackman
- Page 60 and 61: 47 60South America and France. [Off
- Page 62 and 63: 62CHAPTER SEVENENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
- Page 64 and 65: 64CHAPTER EIGHTMASS BALANCE OF LEAT
- Page 66 and 67: 53 66Table 8.1 Assumption for mass
- Page 68 and 69: 55 68For this reason both possibili
- Page 70 and 71: 57 70Table 8.3 Composition of flesh
- Page 72 and 73: 59 72At the end of chrome tanning,
- Page 74 and 75: 61 74collagen; 262water; 836collage
- Page 76 and 77: 63 76shown in Annex II. A typical m
- Page 78 and 79: 65 78collagen; 119Cr tannin; 12wate
- Page 80 and 81: 67 80finishing is shown in Figures
- Page 82 and 83: 82CHAPTER NINEFACILITIES9.1 Izmir M
- Page 84 and 85: 71 84Secretariat of Customs, (dated
- Page 86 and 87: 73 86The measured parameters of the
- Page 88 and 89: 75 889.3 Company B9.3.1 History of
- Page 90 and 91: 77 90in sulfur oxidation pond flow
- Page 92 and 93: 792Tablo 9.5 General information ab
- Page 94 and 95: 81 94elevation and treatment proces
- Page 96 and 97: 96CHAPTER TENCONCLUSIONNowadays, th
- Page 98 and 99: 8598In both facilities, for the con
- Page 100 and 101: 87100Langlais, R., J., Sayers, R.,
- Page 102 and 103: 102APPENDICESAPPENDIX IRegulation o
- Page 104 and 105: 91 104b) Small wastewater sources a
- Page 108 and 109: 95 108b) Beverage industry sector;
- Page 110 and 111: 97 110relevant administration takin
- Page 112 and 113: 112APPENDIX IIBEAMHOUSEBasis: salts
- Page 114 and 115: 114TANNINGPickling 50 % H2O 0. 55 m
- Page 116 and 117: 116Washing 400 % H2O 0. 35 m³Retan
- Page 118: 118solids 2. 0 kg 1. 7 kgTop spray