WASTE MANAGEMENT IN LEATHER INDUSTRY

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114TANNINGPickling 50 % H2O 0. 55 m³5% NaCl 55 kg1 % Acids 11 kgTanning 70% H2O 0.75 m³8 % Basis chrome sulphate( 25 % Cr2O3 )0.7 % Basic agentNa2 CO 3 or MgOSammying, splitting, trimming, shaving88 kg8 kgPOST TANNING Wet Work- Grain LeatherBasis: Shaved weight 262 kgWashing 400 % H2O 1 m³Neutralisation 200 % H2O 0. 5 m³.1. 5 % NaHCO 3 4 kg1. 5 % HCOONa 4 kgWashing 400 % H2O 1 m³101
115Retanning,dyeing,fatliquoring100 % H2O 0. 3 m³5 % Basic chrome sulphate( 25 % Cr2O3 )10 % Organic tannins( 75 % )13 kg.20 kg8 % Fatliquor ( 70 % ) 15 kg2 % Dyestuffs ( 75 % ) 4 kg1. 5 % Acids 4 kgWashing 600 % H2O 1. 6 m³Vacuum dryingPOST TANNING Wet Work- SplitsBasis: shaved weight, 88 kgWashing 400 % H2O 0. 35 kgNeutralisation 200 % H2O 0. 2 m³1.5 % Na2 CO 3 1.3 kg1. 5 % HCOONa 1. 3 kg102
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1DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITYGRADUATE SCH
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4ACKNOWLEDGMENTSI thank my advisor
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6Keywords: Leather, treatment, tann
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8toplanarak, bertaraf edilmektedir.
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103.1.2.4 Draining, Samming, and Se
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126.1 Mechanical Treatment….…
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14CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTIONToday leat
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163CHAPTER TWOLEATHER PRODUCTION2.1
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18 5In year 2005, a total of 65 mil
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20 73.1.1.2 Fleshing and Trimming(E
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22 9specifically treated, however,
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11 24weak alkalis (e. g. Sodium or
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13 26Figure 3.1 An overview on the
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15 284.1.3 (Wet) Finishing Chemical
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30Table 4.1 Major, Moderate and Pot
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32 19Where effluent is discharged d
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34 21If the wastewater is to be dis
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36 23In order to assess an effluent
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25 382. The nitrogen released throu
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27 40This bacteria conversion to hy
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29 42Municipal and common treatment
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31 445.1.11 Air Emissions(The Leath
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33 46• Recover energy from the dr
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35 48Coagulation and flocculation a
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37 506.2.3 Facultative PondsPonds i
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39 52whilst the sludge-water mixtur
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4154Denitrification(2):6NO3 + 2 CH3
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43 566.5 Environmentally Clean Tech
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45 586.5.1 High Exhaustion(Blackman
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47 60South America and France. [Off
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62CHAPTER SEVENENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Page 64 and 65: 64CHAPTER EIGHTMASS BALANCE OF LEAT
Page 66 and 67: 53 66Table 8.1 Assumption for mass
Page 68 and 69: 55 68For this reason both possibili
Page 70 and 71: 57 70Table 8.3 Composition of flesh
Page 72 and 73: 59 72At the end of chrome tanning,
Page 74 and 75: 61 74collagen; 262water; 836collage
Page 76 and 77: 63 76shown in Annex II. A typical m
Page 78 and 79: 65 78collagen; 119Cr tannin; 12wate
Page 80 and 81: 67 80finishing is shown in Figures
Page 82 and 83: 82CHAPTER NINEFACILITIES9.1 Izmir M
Page 84 and 85: 71 84Secretariat of Customs, (dated
Page 86 and 87: 73 86The measured parameters of the
Page 88 and 89: 75 889.3 Company B9.3.1 History of
Page 90 and 91: 77 90in sulfur oxidation pond flow
Page 92 and 93: 792Tablo 9.5 General information ab
Page 94 and 95: 81 94elevation and treatment proces
Page 96 and 97: 96CHAPTER TENCONCLUSIONNowadays, th
Page 98 and 99: 8598In both facilities, for the con
Page 100 and 101: 87100Langlais, R., J., Sayers, R.,
Page 102 and 103: 102APPENDICESAPPENDIX IRegulation o
Page 104 and 105: 91 104b) Small wastewater sources a
Page 106 and 107: 93 106CHAPTER TWOPrinciplesPrincipl
Page 108 and 109: 95 108b) Beverage industry sector;
Page 110 and 111: 97 110relevant administration takin
Page 112 and 113: 112APPENDIX IIBEAMHOUSEBasis: salts
Page 116 and 117: 116Washing 400 % H2O 0. 35 m³Retan
Page 118: 118solids 2. 0 kg 1. 7 kgTop spray
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WASTE MANAGEMENT IN LEATHER INDUSTRY

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