WASTE MANAGEMENT IN LEATHER INDUSTRY

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116Washing 400 % H2O 0. 35 m³Retanning,fatliquoring,dyeing100 % H2O 0.1 m³8 % Organic tannins 5. 3 kg( 75 % )10 % Fatliquor ( 70 % ) 6. 2 kg2 % Dyestuffs ( 75 % ) 1. 3 kg1. 5 % acids 1. 3 kgWashing 600 % H2O 0. 5 m³Vacuum dryingF<strong>IN</strong>ISH<strong>IN</strong>G: The mass balance for finishing has been calculated on the basis of leather area;the composition pf coatings applied expressed as dry substancea) Grain ( crust ) leather, lightly corrected, 141 m5Impregnation ( curtain coating ):250 g/ m5, drymatter content 10%AppliedFinish 35. 0 kg -On leather103
117Solids 3. 5 kg 3. 5 kgBase coat ( reverse roller ):1x 100 g/ m5, dry matter content 25 % 15 % loss1x 80 g/ m5, dry matter content 25 % 15 % lossFinish 25.0 kg -solids 6. 5 kg 5. 5 kgTop spray ( rotary sprayer ):100 g/ m5, dry matter content 6 % 40 % loss -Finish 14. 0 kg -solids 0. 9 kg 0. 5 kgb) Split ( crust ) leather 61 m5Base coat ( reverse roller ):1 x 250 g/ m5, dry matter content 10 % 15 % loss -1 x 80 g/ m5, dry matter content 10 % 15 % loss -Finish 20. 0 kg -104
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1DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITYGRADUATE SCH
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4ACKNOWLEDGMENTSI thank my advisor
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6Keywords: Leather, treatment, tann
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8toplanarak, bertaraf edilmektedir.
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103.1.2.4 Draining, Samming, and Se
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126.1 Mechanical Treatment….…
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14CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTIONToday leat
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163CHAPTER TWOLEATHER PRODUCTION2.1
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18 5In year 2005, a total of 65 mil
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20 73.1.1.2 Fleshing and Trimming(E
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22 9specifically treated, however,
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11 24weak alkalis (e. g. Sodium or
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13 26Figure 3.1 An overview on the
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15 284.1.3 (Wet) Finishing Chemical
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30Table 4.1 Major, Moderate and Pot
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32 19Where effluent is discharged d
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34 21If the wastewater is to be dis
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36 23In order to assess an effluent
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25 382. The nitrogen released throu
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27 40This bacteria conversion to hy
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29 42Municipal and common treatment
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31 445.1.11 Air Emissions(The Leath
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33 46• Recover energy from the dr
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35 48Coagulation and flocculation a
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37 506.2.3 Facultative PondsPonds i
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39 52whilst the sludge-water mixtur
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4154Denitrification(2):6NO3 + 2 CH3
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43 566.5 Environmentally Clean Tech
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45 586.5.1 High Exhaustion(Blackman
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47 60South America and France. [Off
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62CHAPTER SEVENENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
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64CHAPTER EIGHTMASS BALANCE OF LEAT
Page 66 and 67: 53 66Table 8.1 Assumption for mass
Page 68 and 69: 55 68For this reason both possibili
Page 70 and 71: 57 70Table 8.3 Composition of flesh
Page 72 and 73: 59 72At the end of chrome tanning,
Page 74 and 75: 61 74collagen; 262water; 836collage
Page 76 and 77: 63 76shown in Annex II. A typical m
Page 78 and 79: 65 78collagen; 119Cr tannin; 12wate
Page 80 and 81: 67 80finishing is shown in Figures
Page 82 and 83: 82CHAPTER NINEFACILITIES9.1 Izmir M
Page 84 and 85: 71 84Secretariat of Customs, (dated
Page 86 and 87: 73 86The measured parameters of the
Page 88 and 89: 75 889.3 Company B9.3.1 History of
Page 90 and 91: 77 90in sulfur oxidation pond flow
Page 92 and 93: 792Tablo 9.5 General information ab
Page 94 and 95: 81 94elevation and treatment proces
Page 96 and 97: 96CHAPTER TENCONCLUSIONNowadays, th
Page 98 and 99: 8598In both facilities, for the con
Page 100 and 101: 87100Langlais, R., J., Sayers, R.,
Page 102 and 103: 102APPENDICESAPPENDIX IRegulation o
Page 104 and 105: 91 104b) Small wastewater sources a
Page 106 and 107: 93 106CHAPTER TWOPrinciplesPrincipl
Page 108 and 109: 95 108b) Beverage industry sector;
Page 110 and 111: 97 110relevant administration takin
Page 112 and 113: 112APPENDIX IIBEAMHOUSEBasis: salts
Page 114 and 115: 114TANNINGPickling 50 % H2O 0. 55 m
Page 118: 118solids 2. 0 kg 1. 7 kgTop spray
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WASTE MANAGEMENT IN LEATHER INDUSTRY

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