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166the weird cry 0 f the b lack monkey 0 r the s crea m 0 fan i gh tbird hunting its prey."lManipur was an independent country before the Britishannexed it to British India in 1894. Mr. J. Singhquoted Mr. Crawford (February 24, 1826) who "found that theBurmese treated Manipur as an independent country and wantedthe British also to treat it as such. Mr. Crawford reportedthe matter to the Government of British India.The independenceof Manipur was thus recognized both by the British andtheBurmese."2The valley of Manipur is a fertile land. Agriculturally,the Meiteis who inhabited the valley were selfsufficient,producing enough rice for their own needs, withlittle concern about the outside world.Today one and ahalf million people live in Manipur.A million of these live in the Manipur Valley.Most of thepopulation are Meiteis.Before the infiltration of Hinduisminto the culture of the Meiteis, there was no distinctionbetween the hillmen and the people of the valley.TheMe i tei s of the p l ai nand th e Kuki -chi n and the Naga s had a1 Ethel St. Clair Grim wood, My Three Years inManipur (London: Richard Bently and Son Publishers inordinary to Her Majesty the Queen, 1891), pp. 1,2.2J. Singh, A Short History of Manipur (1m phal,Manipur State: 1965), p. 202.