Vaccines-2013 - OMICS Group

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Alison McCormick et al., J Vaccines Vaccin 2013, 4:5http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7560.S1.0183 rd International Conference onVaccines & VaccinationJuly 29-31, 2013 Embassy Suites Las Vegas, NV, USAProtection from H1N1 influenza virus challenge with a single dose HA subunit protein vaccineAlison McCormick 1 , Jyothi Mallajosuyla 1 , Trushar Jeevan 2 , Richard Webby 2 , Ernie Hiatt 3 and Gregory Pogue 31Touro University California, USA2St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, USA3Kentucky BioProcessing, USASubunit vaccines have much promise in solving unmet needs in vaccine development. There are many infectious diseases forwhich a killed pathogen is not practical, and for many infectious diseases, there is a single antigenic protein against whicha protective immune response is made. For example, neutralizing antibodies against the H1N1 hemagglutinin protein (HA) ofinfluenza are sufficient to attenuate pathogenicity, and improve survival after virus exposure. Many HA protein vaccines havebeen successfully tested as candidate vaccine alternatives to attenuated or killed virus made in eggs. However, most require twodose vaccine administration for full protection in influenza challenge studies. Our group has used conjugation of HA proteinto plant-derived Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) as a novel method of antigen delivery that profoundly improves subunit vaccinepotency. TMV is easily produced at large scale in tobacco plants, is safe, non-infectious, and provides excellent antigen delivery todendritic and other important antigen presenting cells. By conjugating HA protein to the surface of TMV, we are able to stimulatehigh titer IgG responses and inhibition of hemagglutination, with or without an adjuvant. Importantly, we can also protect 100%of mice from a lethal H1N1 Influenza virus challenge 30 days after single dose vaccination. Additional studies are underway todetermine if a TMV-HA formulation can improve the potency of a subunit vaccine derived from H5N1. Our strategy representsa significant advance in subunit vaccine formulation, and has the potential to expand the development of other subunit vaccinesthat currently lack single dose potency.BiographyAlison McCormick has completed her Ph.D. at University of California, San Diego, and postdoctoral studies from Stanford University Schoolof Medicine. She has 15 years of industry experience in plant made vaccines and therapeutics, and is currently Professor of Biological andPharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, at Touro University California. She is considered an expert in plant-made vaccines.alison.mccormick@tu.eduJ Vaccines Vaccin 2013ISSN: 2157-7560, JVV an open access journalVaccines-2013July 29-31, 2013Volume 4 Issue 5Page 130
Birhanu Hurisa et al., J Vaccines Vaccin 2013, 4:5http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7560.S1.0183 rd International Conference onVaccines & VaccinationJuly 29-31, 2013 Embassy Suites Las Vegas, NV, USASafety and immunogenicity of ETHIORAB rabies vaccineBirhanu Hurisa 1 , Belete Tegbaru 1 , Dagmar Nolkes 4 , Abebe Mengesha 1 , Sisay Kerga 1 , Gezahegn Kebede 1 , Amdemicael Adhanom 1 ,Alemayehu Godana 1 , Dereje Nigussie, Gashew Gabrewold 1 , Denis Bankovisky 2 , Arthem Metlin 3 and Kelbessa Urga 11Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, Ethiopia2Pokrov Plant of Biologics, Russian Federation3Federal Centre for Animal Health, Russian Federation4Haramaya University, EthiopiaWorldwide, rabies in dogs is the source of 99% of human infections. This makes dogs known victims of the rabies virus thatmakes them potential both as carriers and transmitters to human being. Pre and post-exposure prophylaxis are means toeither protect it before or after the exposure to the virus. Vero cell culture based rabies vaccine “ETHIORAB” manufactured byEthiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute was subjected for safety and immunogenicity studies. The obtained vaccinewas tested on mice and satisfactory safety result was observed. Twelve experimental dogs from local common breed and thesame aged were duly conditioned during a quarantine period, and then vaccinated via the subcutaneous route with 1 ml of 1IU/ml of ETHIORAB rabies vaccine. Four milliliters of blood from each dog were drawn on days 0 (pre-vaccination), 7, 15, 21,30, 60 and 90. The serum samples were coded and kept frozen at 20°C throughout the study period. To evaluate the titer of therabies neutralizing antibody, sera were analyzed by Fluorescent Antibody Virus Neutralization (FAVN) test. Serum neutralizingantibody titers to rabies virus was determined at days 7, 15, 21, 30, 60 and 90. Mean titers were equal to 1.59, 1.73, 2.19, 3.58,3.35 and 3.17 IU/ml respectively. All dogs showed rabies neutralizing antibody titer higher than the 0.5 IU/ml mandated WHOthreshold. This study indicated ETHIORAB rabies vaccine manufactured in Ethiopia was found to be safe and immunogenic.Keywords: Dogs; ETHIORAB; titer; immunogenicity; safety.bhurrish@yahoo.comJ Vaccines Vaccin 2013ISSN: 2157-7560, JVV an open access journalVaccines-2013July 29-31, 2013Volume 4 Issue 5Page 131
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