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Research Notes J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 153-157, 2013 CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS FOR SEED YIELD IN QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE Zea mays L. K. VIJAY KUMAR, M. R. SUDARSHAN, KULDEEP SINGH DANGI and S. MADHUSUDAN REDDY Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, College of Agriculture, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500030 Date of Receipt : 21.02.2013 Date of Acceptance : 25.07.2013 Maize Zea mays L. is an important cereal crop, next to wheat and rice and it is staple food in many developing countries (Morries et al 1999). Maize crop is of great significance due to its demand for food, feed and industrial utilization. It plays an important role in world economy and trade. Since maize protein lacks two essential amino acids lysine and tryptophan and protein deficiency is characterized by many growth and health related complications in humans. Therefore, considerable importance has been given to Quality Protein Maize (QPM) breeding. The material for the present study comprised of sixty three quality protein maize genotypes (numbered BQML-101 to BQML-163) that were obtained from Maize Research Centre, Agricultural Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The experiment was carried out at College Farm, College of Agriculture, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during rabi 2008-09 in a randomized block design with three replications. Each genotype in each replication consisted of a single row of fifteen plants with a spacing of 75cm X 20 cm. Five representative plants were selected at random from each line and observations were recorded on each plant for sixteen traits viz., days to 50 per cent tasseling, days to 50 per cent silking, plant height, ear height, days to maturity, ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernel per row, 100-seed weight (g), ear weight (g), shelling (%), protein content (%), oil content (%), starch content (%) and grain yield per plant (g). The correlation coefficients were calculated as per the method suggested by Johnson et al. (1955). Path analysis was worked out as per method suggested by Deway and Lu (1959). The Correlation coefficients between yield, its component characters and quality parameters are presented in Table 1. In this study the values of correlation coefficients indicated that in general, the magnitude of genotypic correlation coefficients were higher than phenotypic correlation coefficients for all the traits which implied negligible influence of environmental factors and strong inherent association between the traits. Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with ear weight, number of kernels per row, ear girth, shelling per cent, 100 seed weight, number of kernel rows per ear, ear length and oil content, while days to 50 per cent tasseling, days to 50 per cent silking, and days to maturity had negative association with grain yield. The remaining characters, plant height, ear height, protein content and starch content did not indicate any association with seed yield. This indicated that seed yield can be improved by making selection on the basis of ear weight, number of kernels per row, ear girth, shelling per cent, 100 seed weight, number of kernel rows per ear, ear length and oil content. The traits ear weight, number of kernels per row, ear girth, shelling per cent, number of kernel rows per ear and 100 seed weight which had strong positive correlation with seed yield could be exploited in breeding programmes. Similar results were reported by Jayakumar et al (2007), Hemavathy et al (2008) and Shinde et al (2009). Path coefficient analysis that partitions the correlation coefficient into direct and indirect effects was worked out and is presented in Table 2. Among the characters studied, days to 50% silking, ear height, oil content and starch content had negative direct effect on grain yield and the remaining characters had positive direct effect. The character, ear weight had the highest direct effect on seed yield and it was followed by days to 50% silking and shelling per cent. The traits, ear weight and shelling per cent with high direct effect also had positive correlation with seed yield while days to 50% tasseling had significant negative correlation with seed yield. Days to 50 per cent tasseling had negative indirect effects through days to 50 per cent silking, ear height, email: vijay.kk410@gmail.com 153
VIJAY et al ear length, ear girth, number of kernels per row, ear weight and shelling per cent. This trait had positive indirect effects through plant height, days to maturity, protein content and oil content. Days to 50 per cent silking showed negative direct effects on grain yield. This trait had negative indirect effect through ear height, ear length, ear girth, number of kernels per row, ear weight, and shelling per cent. This trait had positive indirect effects through plant height, days to maturity, protein content and oil content. Starch content had positive indirect effect. Plant height had positive direct effects on grain yield and negative indirect effects on grain yield through ear height, ear length, number of kernels per row and ear weight. This trait had positive indirect effects through days to maturity, ear girth, 100 seed weight, shelling per cent, protein content and oil content. Ear height had positive indirect effects through days to 50 per cent tasseling, plant height, days to maturity, ear girth, 100 seed weight, shelling per cent, protein content and oil content. Days to maturity showed positive direct effect on grain yield. This trait had negative indirect effects on grain yield through days to 50 % silking, ear height, ear length, number of kernels per row, ear weight, 100 seed weight, and shelling per cent whereas, oil content. This trait had positive indirect effects through days to 50 per cent tasseling, plant height, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear and protein content. Ear length had positive direct effects on grain yield and had positive indirect effects through days to 50 per cent silking, ear height, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row, ear weight, 100 seed weight and shelling per cent. Starch content had negative indirect effect. Ear girth had positive direct effect on grain yield. This trait had positive indirect effects through days to 50 per cent silking, plant height, days to maturity, ear length, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row, ear weight, 100 seed weight and shelling per cent. Number of kernel rows per ear had positive direct effect on grain yield. This trait had negative indirect effects on grain yield through days to 50% tasseling, plant height, protein content and oil content and had positive correlation with days to 50 per cent silking, ear height, days to maturity, ear length, ear girth, number of kernels per row, ear weight, 100 seed weight, and shelling per cent. Number of kernels per row had positive direct effects on grain yield and showed negative indirect effects on grain yield through days to 50 per cent tasseling, plant height, days to maturity, protein content and oil content. This trait showed positive indirect effects on grain yield through days to 50 per cent silking, ear height, ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, ear weight, 100 seed weight, and shelling per cent. Ear weight had positive direct effect on grain yield. 100 seed weight had positive direct effect on grain yield. Positive direct effect was shown by shelling per cent on grain yield. This trait had negative indirect effects on grain yield through days to 50 per cent tasseling, ear height, days to maturity and oil content and had positive indirect effect through remaining characters viz., days to 50 per cent silking, plant height, ear length, ear girth, number of rows per ear, number of seeds per row, ear weight, 100 seed weight, protein content and starch content. Positive direct effect on grain yield was shown by protein content. This trait had negative indirect effect on grain yield at phenotypic level through number of kernel rows per ear and starch content. Oil content had negative direct effect on grain yield. This trait had positive indirect effect through days to 50 per cent silking, ear height, days to maturity, ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row, ear weight and shelling per cent. Negative indirect effects on grain yield was exhibited by days to 50 per cent tasseling, plant height, days to maturity, 100 seed weight, shelling per cent and protein content and had positive indirect effect through days to 50 per cent silking, ear height, ear length, ear girth, number of kernels per row, ear weight and oil content. Similar results were reported by Kumar et al. (2006), Jay kumar et al. (2007), Brar et al. (2008) and Saidaiah et al. (2008). Among the characters studied, ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row, ear weight, 100 seed weight, shelling per cent and oil per cent had positive and significant correlation coefficient with grain yield and had positive direct relationship with ear weight and shelling per cent. Hence, it might be regarded as these characters contributed maximum to the seed yield. Thus, selection based on these characters would result in improvement in seed yield . 154
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CONTENTS PART I : PLANT SCIENCE Ads
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 1-10, 2013 ADSO
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ADSORPTION DESORPTION OF PENDIMETHA
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 11-15, 2013 STU
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STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PLANT GROW
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STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PLANT GROW
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PERFORMANCE OF DRUM SEEDER IN DIREC
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PERFORMANCE OF DRUM SEEDER IN DIREC
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 21-25, 2013 EFF
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EFFECT OF GRADED LEVELS AND TIME OF
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EFFECT OF GRADED LEVELS AND TIME OF
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ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 33-41, 2013 EST
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ESTIMATION OF HETEROSIS FOR YIELD A
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INTEGRATED EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURE
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INTEGRATED EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURE
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SCREENING OF LOCAL RHIZOBIAL ISOLAT
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CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 59-67, 2013 IDE
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IDENTIFICATION OF SUPERIOR PARENTS
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EFFECT OF FRONT LINE DEMONSTRATIONS
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EFFECT OF FEEDING COMPLETE FEED CON
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EFFECT OF FEEDING COMPLETE FEED CON
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EFFICACY OF CONTROLLED INTERNAL DRU
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EFFECT OF NSP ENZYMES AND PREBIOTIC
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HAEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROF
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HAEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROF
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INDIAN BREAD MAKING TOOLS - CONSUME
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Page 110 and 111: Research Notes J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2)
Page 112 and 113: CROP COEFFICIENTS FOR DRIP AND CHEC
Page 116 and 117: STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF IRRADIATION
Page 120 and 121: EVALUATION OF DEFOLIANTS ON MUNGBEA
Page 122 and 123: YIELD, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND ECONOMIC
Page 124 and 125: YIELD, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND ECONOMIC
Page 128 and 129: NANO FOOD COLOURS FOR PRODUCT FORMU
Page 130 and 131: EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILISERS ON GR
Page 132 and 133: EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILISERS ON GR
Page 136 and 137: NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF MICROSPRINKLER I
Page 140 and 141: EFFECT OF SYNERGIST, TRIPHENYL PHOS
Page 142 and 143: EFFECT OF SYNERGIST, TRIPHENYL PHOS
Page 146 and 147: EFFECT OF HARVESTING STAGES AND DRY
Page 148 and 149: RESPONSE OF AEROBIC RICE TO IRRIGAT
Page 150 and 151: RESPONSE OF AEROBIC RICE TO IRRIGAT
Page 154 and 155: DRIP IRRIGATION SCHEDULE FOR CASTOR
Page 158 and 159: CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH COEF
Page 160 and 161: CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH COEF
Page 162 and 163: Statement about ownership and other
Page 164 and 165: GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OF M
Page 166: ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSIDER
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