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EFFECT OF FRONT LINE DEMONSTRATIONS AND TRAININGS ON KNOWLEDGE S. N o. IPM practices recommended 9 Use of poison baits for grown up larvae of Spodoptera 10 Need based spraying of Acephate 1gm / quinalphos 2.0 ml/ cloripyriphos 2.5 ml/ diflubenzuron 1.0 ml / Thiodicarb 1.0gm/ lt. water twice or thrice Beneficiary farmers (N=50) Non-beneficiary farmers (N=50) FA PA NA FA PA NA Frq % Frq % Frq % Frq % Frq % Frq % 19 38 15 30 16 32 0 0 0 - 50 100 43 86 7 14 0 - 7 14 17 34 26 52 FA - Fully Adopted PA - Partially Adopted NA - Not adopted Frq - Frequency KVK were found to increase knowledge and adoption levels of farmers largely. Hence all KVK’s, NGO’s, DAATTC’s should intensify their efforts in popularizing IPM practices and take steps to stand by the farmer and solve all resource and other constraints faced at the time of application.This provides an ample scope for the improvement of knowledge and adoption among the farmers with respect to IPM practices in chickpea. Table 5. Constraints of beneficiary farmers in adoption of recommended IPM practices S. No. IPM technologies Number Per cent REFERENCES 1 Non-availability of quality seed of disease resistant/tolerant varieties 2 Non-availability of Bt bacterial formulations and pheromone traps with lures locally 49 98.00 47 94.00 3 Complexity in preparing NSKE 36 72.00 4 labor intensive practice of preparing poison bait and application for large holdings 32 64.00 5 Difficulty in remembering and calculating pesticide dosages 25 50.00 6 High cost of pesticides 26 52.00 Naresh, N. T. 1996. A study on knowledge and adoption of improved sericulture practices among trained women in Bangalore rural district. M. Sc (Agri.) Thesis submitted to University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore Sarada, O and Suneel Kumar, G. V. 2011. Impact of Front line demonstrations and trainings on knowledge levels of brinjal growers with respect to IPM practices. The Andhra Agricultural Journal. 58 (4): 545-549 Vijaya, B. V. 1995. Impact of WYTEP training on farm women in Bangalore district. M. Sc (Agri.) Thesis submitted to University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. Yavana Priya, D., Eswarappa, G and Manjunatha, B. N. 2010. Knowledge level of farm women participants of farmer field schools on tomato cultivation. Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 44 (4): 847-851 73
J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 74-77, 2013 EFFECT OF FEEDING COMPLETE FEED CONTAINING POULTRY LITTER ON RUMEN NITROGEN AND TOTAL VOLATILE FATTY ACIDS IN SHEEP AND GOAT J. NARASIMHA, V.CHINNI PREETHAM and S.T.VIROJI RAO All India Co-ordinated Research Project on poultry breeding, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Hyderabad-500030 Date of Receipt : 28.12.2012 Date of Acceptance : 22.02.2013 ABSTRACT A complete feed containing poultry litter (35%) and other feed ingredients were formulated and processed in to mash. The feed was tested on six each of Nellore rams and indigenous bucks in digestion cum-metabolism trial. Rumen liquor samples were collected on two consecutive days at 0, 2, 4 and 6 hours of feeding. The H - ion and total volatile fatty acid concentrations were significantly (P>0.01) higher in sheep than in goats. Irrespective of species the concentration of total volatile fatty acid increased and attained peak values at 2 and 4 hours of post feeding, thus showing an inverse relationship of H - ion concentration. The concentration of total nitrogen, TCA insoluble nitrogen, food and protozoal nitrogen in strained rumen liquor was significantly higher in goats than in sheep. However, ammonia and residual nitrogen concentrations did not differ significantly between sheep and goats. Time of sampling had highly (P>0.01) significant effect on all the rumen parameters in both sheep and goats. INTRODUCTION The Poultry population in India is 489 million and the manure availability is estimated to be 12.1 million tons (Livestock census, 2003). Poultry waste is an important source of energy as well as un-conventional non protein nitrogen source for ruminants. In the present experiment an attempt was made to efficiently utilize poultry litter in complete feed of sheep and goats and to study its effect on rumen fermentation pattern. MATERIALS AND METHODS The layer poultry litter required for the present study was obtained in a single lot from AICRP on poultry breeding, Rajendra Nagar and was sun dried. Six each of healthy Nellore rams and indigenous bucks weighing 18.90±0.80 and 18.50±0.67 respectively were fed complete feed containing poultry litter (35%), cotton seed hulls (40%), wheat bran (15%), molasses (8.5%), mineral mixture (1.0%) and salt (0.5%), Rovimix (vitamin supplement) 10 g per 100kg. of the ration. The complete feed thus prepared has protein and energy levels according to ICAR (1985) recommendations. The experimental feed was offered to each animal ad libitum (restricting refusals to 3.5%) in a digestion and metabolism experiment. The metabolism trial was conducted on all the twelve animals. After three weeks of adjustment period, the rumen liquor was collected from each animal four times, once before feeding (0 hr) and at 2, 4 and 6 hours post feeding. The rumen liquor samples were analyzed in accordance with standard procedure for total nitrogen, TCA insoluble protein nitrogen Cline et al., (1958), residual nitrogen, food and protozoal nitrogen Singh et al., (1986),ammonia nitrogen Schwartz and Schoeman (1964) and TVFA Bernett and Reid (1957) concentrations. Feed samples were analyzed for proximate principles and phosphorus (AOAC 2005) and calcium by the method of Talapatra et al., (1940). Statistical analysis of data was done as per the methods suggested by Nageshwer Rao ( 1983). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The experimental ration and poultry litter were analyzed for proximate principles and the results are presented in Table 1. The mean concentrations of rumen metabolites as affected by species and time of sampling are shown in Table 2. In the present study pH was significantly (P>0.01) higher in sheep than in goats. Irrespective of the species, the concentration of total volatile fatty acid increased and attained peak values at 2 hours of post feeding. There is an inverse relationship of H - ion concentration and total volatile fatty acids and similar findings were reported by Venugopal et al., (1998). The concentration of total nitrogen (105.21), TCA insoluble nitrogen (38.64), food email: simha_vet@yahoo.com 74
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CONTENTS PART I : PLANT SCIENCE Ads
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 1-10, 2013 ADSO
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ADSORPTION DESORPTION OF PENDIMETHA
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 11-15, 2013 STU
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STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PLANT GROW
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STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PLANT GROW
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PERFORMANCE OF DRUM SEEDER IN DIREC
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PERFORMANCE OF DRUM SEEDER IN DIREC
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 21-25, 2013 EFF
Page 26 and 27: EFFECT OF GRADED LEVELS AND TIME OF
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Page 30 and 31: ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN
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Page 38 and 39: ESTIMATION OF HETEROSIS FOR YIELD A
Page 46 and 47: INTEGRATED EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURE
Page 48 and 49: INTEGRATED EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURE
Page 50 and 51: SCREENING OF LOCAL RHIZOBIAL ISOLAT
Page 56 and 57: CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION
Page 62 and 63: J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2) 59-67, 2013 IDE
Page 64 and 65: IDENTIFICATION OF SUPERIOR PARENTS
Page 72 and 73: EFFECT OF FRONT LINE DEMONSTRATIONS
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Page 78 and 79: EFFECT OF FEEDING COMPLETE FEED CON
Page 80 and 81: EFFECT OF FEEDING COMPLETE FEED CON
Page 82 and 83: EFFICACY OF CONTROLLED INTERNAL DRU
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Page 104 and 105: INDIAN BREAD MAKING TOOLS - CONSUME
Page 110 and 111: Research Notes J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2)
Page 112 and 113: CROP COEFFICIENTS FOR DRIP AND CHEC
Page 116 and 117: STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF IRRADIATION
Page 120 and 121: EVALUATION OF DEFOLIANTS ON MUNGBEA
Page 122 and 123: YIELD, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND ECONOMIC
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Research Notes J.Res. ANGRAU 41(2)
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NANO FOOD COLOURS FOR PRODUCT FORMU
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EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILISERS ON GR
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EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILISERS ON GR
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NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF MICROSPRINKLER I
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EFFECT OF SYNERGIST, TRIPHENYL PHOS
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EFFECT OF SYNERGIST, TRIPHENYL PHOS
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EFFECT OF HARVESTING STAGES AND DRY
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RESPONSE OF AEROBIC RICE TO IRRIGAT
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RESPONSE OF AEROBIC RICE TO IRRIGAT
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DRIP IRRIGATION SCHEDULE FOR CASTOR
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CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH COEF
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CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH COEF
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Statement about ownership and other
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GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OF M
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ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSIDER
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