MEASURING AND UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF TERRORISM

Recommendations

Info

YEMEN INCIDENTS DEAD 654 512 PROPERTY DAMAGE INJURED 771 753 GTI RANK 7 GTI SCORE 7.642 INCREASE IN DEATHS SINCE 2000 2000 2014 +654 ATTACKS BY TARGET Private citizens & property Military, militia or terrorist groups Government Police Other MAJOR ATTACK DEATHS BY GROUP Unknown Al-Qa`ida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) Houthis Tribesmen Other WORST ATTACK 50 killed and 70 wounded from a suicide bomber who attacked a Houthi religious celebration on New Years Eve. AQAP were responsible. In 2014 the number of terrorist attacks in Yemen increased by 72 per cent and the number of fatalities increased by 123 per cent. There were 654 people killed from terrorism in Yemen in 2014 which represents the highest level recorded. Previously, the worst year in terms of terrorism in Yemen was 2012, the year that President Ali Abdullah Saleh was ousted, when 372 people were killed. Whilst there were ten different groups that committed a terrorist attack in Yemen in 2014, two major groups committed over 80 per cent of terrorist acts. These groups are the Houthis and al-Qa’ida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP). The Houthis are the smaller group and claimed responsibility for 19 per cent of deaths in 2014, a 115 per cent increase from 2013. AQAP claimed responsibility for 61 per cent of attacks in 2014. They had a 125 per cent increase in the deadliness of their attacks killing 402 in 2014 up from 179 in 2013. Both groups in Yemen are in conflict with the government and deploy terrorist tactics. Despite this, the Houthis and AQAP are opposed to each other and are based in separate parts of the country. The other groups active in Yemen include Muslim fundamentalists, tribesmen and Southern Mobility Movement (Yemen). AQAP is an al-Qa’ida affiliate which was led by Nasir al-Wuhayshi who was Usama bin Ladin’s former secretary. After al-Wuhayshi’s death by a drone strike in June 2015, Qasim al-Raymi took over the organisation. AQAP remains loyal to al-Qa’ida and is supportive of the al-Nusra Front over ISIL. AQAP has mainly operated in the south of Yemen and has been the target of US drone attacks since 2002. AQAP are responsible for over 1,275 deaths from terrorist attacks over the last five years. They were the only group in Yemen to use suicide bombings, conducting 16 attacks that killed 184 people. Suicide bombings were very deadly, with an average of 12 deaths and nearly 18 injuries per attack. These bombings mainly targeted the police and military. However, the most deadly suicide bombing attacks targeted private citizens. The worst attack in Yemen was a suicide bombing which killed 50. The other major terrorist group, the Houthis, is a militant Islamist insurgency made up of followers of a Shi’a sect known as Zaydi. The Houthis are in conflict with the Sunni-majority government and military. The Houthis are also opposed to AQAP, a Sunni group, and there have been several major battles between the two groups. Since 2009 the Houthis have killed 321 people in terrorist attacks. In September of 2014 the Houthis invaded the capital demanding a change of government and forced the President Abd Rabbu Mansour Hadi to flee in February 2015. Hadi fled to Aden and rescinded his resignation as President, but fled again when Aden was taken over by Houthi forces. The Houthis were fought back by a coalition which included bombing campaigns by Saudi Arabia and in September Hadi returned to Aden to continue running the Government from there. GLOBAL <strong>TERRORISM</strong> INDEX 2015 | Results 26
SOMALIA INCIDENTS DEAD 469 801 PROPERTY DAMAGE INJURED 531 568 GTI RANK 8 GTI SCORE 7.6 INCREASE IN DEATHS SINCE 2000 2000 2014 +784 ATTACKS BY TARGET Military, militia or terrorist groups Private citizens & property Government Business Other WORST ATTACK 20 killed and 20 injured when a suicide bomber targeting a government minister detonated a vehicle at a café. Al-Shabaab were responsible. DEATHS BY GROUP Al-Shabaab Unknown MAJOR ATTACK Somalia has recorded an increase in terrorism for the fourth year in a row. There were twice as many attacks and deaths in 2014 than in 2013. In 2014 Somalia had the most attacks and deaths from terrorism in its history. Somalia continues to face violence in the south with rebel forces and terrorist groups. As in previous years, the al- Shabaab group were responsible for most claimed attacks. This militant group is allied with al-Qa’ida and has an estimated 7,000 to 9,000 soldiers. The only other group that claimed responsibility for attacks in 2014 was the Raskamboni Movement, a paramilitary group opposed to al-Shabaab and seeking to control the Jubbaland region. There has been infighting in al-Shabaab over whether it should focus on local and regional objectives rather than transcontinental jihad. Notably, this was one of the reasons why the American recruit to al-Shabaab, Abu Mansoor Al-Amriki, was killed by al-Shabaab in 2013 as he criticised the group for being too focused on domestic affairs and neglecting international jihad. Nevertheless, al-Shabaab continues to attract foreign fighters, particularly in Kenya. Radicalisation is in part due to perceptions by Muslim youth of mistreatment by the Kenyan government. 2 As well as recruiting people from Kenya, al-Shabaab has staged numerous attacks in Kenya. This includes the Westgate shopping mall attack in September 2013 which resulted in 67 deaths and 175 injuries and the 2 April 2015 massacre at Garissa University where gunmen stormed a university and killed 147 people. Al-Shabaab has controlled several areas of Somalia including the capital Mogadishu in 2010. A joint military mission called Operation Indian Ocean began on 16 August 2014 to challenge al-Shabaab. The military mission involves the Somali military, the African Union and the US military. This military mission has led to the death of many of the leaders of al-Shabaab. The overall leader, Moktar Ali Zubeyr, was killed by a US drone strike in September 2014. Al-Shabaab generally uses guerrilla warfare and is structured as an insurgency force in three parts: intelligence gathering, law enforcement and a military arm. A third of their attacks are bombings or explosions, averaging 1.8 deaths per attack. This is a lower lethality than 2013 where two and a half people were killed per attack. The change in lethality may reflect deterioration in their effectiveness. The highest death toll from a bombing was 20 in 2014, whereas in 2013 there was an attack which killed 38 and another that killed 28. Southern Somalia continues to have the majority of attacks. The largest city and capital Mogadishu experienced 36 per cent of attacks, followed by 11 in the southern city Kudhaa in Lower Juba and eight per cent of attacks in Baidoa in the south-central Bay region. The Bay region saw the biggest increase in terrorist attacks in 2014 with 133 deaths compared to 21 deaths in 2013. GLOBAL <strong>TERRORISM</strong> INDEX 2015 | Results 27
Page 1 and 2: MEASURING AND UNDERSTANDING THE IMP
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 ABOUT
Page 5 and 6: The report highlights the striking
Page 7 and 8: Terrorism in Western Countries 3 Th
Page 9 and 10: In addition to this baseline defini
Page 11 and 12: RESULTS The 2015 Global Terrorism I
Page 13 and 14: 40 Paraguay 4.094 50 Ethiopia 3.544
Page 15 and 16: DATE COUNTRY CITY FATALITIES / INJU
Page 17 and 18: TABLE 1 NUMBER OF YEARS A COUNTRY H
Page 19 and 20: INCREASING SPREAD OF TERRORISM One
Page 21 and 22: The country with the second largest
Page 23 and 24: AFGHANISTAN INCIDENTS 1,591 PROPERT
Page 25 and 26: PAKISTAN INCIDENTS 1,821 PROPERTY D
Page 27: INDIA INCIDENTS 763 DEAD 416 PROPER
Page 31 and 32: THAILAND INCIDENTS DEAD 156 366 654
Page 33 and 34: FIGURE 8 CITIES WITH HIGHEST HOMICI
Page 35 and 36: TRENDS Over the last 15 years, more
Page 37 and 38: FIGURE 10 NUMBER OF ATTACKS AND DEA
Page 39 and 40: 2014, 50 Sunni Muslim civilians wer
Page 41 and 42: TERRORISM & ONGOING CONFLICT The fi
Page 43 and 44: THE FIVE MOST DEADLY TERRORIST GROU
Page 45 and 46: convoy with members of the British
Page 47 and 48: FOREIGN FIGHTERS IN IRAQ & SYRIA Th
Page 49 and 50: FIGURE 20 FOREIGN FIGHTERS IN IRAQ
Page 51 and 52: TERRORISM IN WESTERN COUNTRIES Over
Page 53 and 54: TABLE 3 DEATHS FROM TERRORISM IN 20
Page 55 and 56: FIGURE 24 PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE IN W
Page 57 and 58: The largest category of lone wolf a
Page 59 and 60: FIGURE 28 DEATHS BY LONE WOLF TERRO
Page 61 and 62: TERRORISM & THE REFUGEE CRISIS The
Page 63 and 64: ECONOMIC COSTS OF TERRORISM The glo
Page 65 and 66: FIGURE 34 THE COSTS OF TERRORISM, U
Page 67 and 68: FIGURE 35 COSTS OF TERRORISM COMPAR
Page 69 and 70: CORRELATES & DRIVERS OF TERRORISM I
Page 71 and 72: In OECD countries, socio-economic f
Page 73 and 74: THE LINK BETWEEN ONGOING CONFLICT &
Page 75 and 76: WHY INDIVIDUALS BECOME FOREIGN FIGH
Page 77 and 78: FIGURE 42 SYSTEMS MAP OF GTI CORREL
Page 79 and 80:
colonel in the intelligence service
Page 81 and 82:
as Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, Sound
Page 83 and 84:
statistics. As they were no longer
Page 85 and 86:
MIGRATION, VIOLENT EXTREMISM AND TE
Page 87 and 88:
community engagement and resilience
Page 89 and 90:
The internet is just one of the way
Page 91 and 92:
ANNEXES GLOBAL TERRORISM INDEX 2015
Page 93 and 94:
GTI RANK COUNTRY 2015 GTI SCORE (OU
Page 95 and 96:
ANNEX B 50 WORST TERRORIST ATTACKS
Page 97 and 98:
ANNEX C GLOBAL TERRORISM INDEX METH
Page 99 and 100:
COMPARING THE GLOBAL TERRORISM DATA
Page 101 and 102:
ANNEX E ECONOMIC COSTS OF TERRORISM
Page 103 and 104:
CATEGORY SOURCE INDICATOR GLOBAL OE
Page 105 and 106:
CATEGORY SOURCE INDICATOR GLOBAL OE
Page 107 and 108:
END NOTES 1. Global Terrorism Datab
Page 109 and 110:
49. Sources for the foreign fighter
Page 111:
NOV 2015 / IEP REPORT 36 ISBN 978-0
show all

MEASURING AND UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF TERRORISM

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?