Roadside Revegetation

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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Each organic source has a unique nutrient composition. Green alfalfa, 1.25 for example, has a very different nutrient makeup than organic matter derived from wood residues of cleared right- of-way. Even within sources, there are very different nutrient compositions (Figure 10-27). 1.00 For example, most of the nutrients of trees are concentrated in the foliage and branches, and very little in the bole of the tree. A chipped 0.75 slash pile composed of higher proportions of branches and foliage will contain far greater nutrients than a pile composed primarily of tree boles and, as such, would probably be a more preferred organic source. 0.50 As organic sources decompose, they contribute their combination of nutrients to the fertility of the soil. Knowingthesourcefromwhichtheorganicmatterwasderivedwillgivesomeindication of the amount 0.25 of nutrients that might be supplied to the soil (Table 10-8). This information is important to determine whether target long-term 0.00 Foliage nutrient levels will be achieved. Nutrient analysis reports should be obtained from facilities supplying the compost. Other sources of organic matter can be collected and sent to labs specializing in this type of testing (Inset 10-6). Knowing the source of the organic matter might also identify contaminants that could potentially be harmful to plant growth. Additions of materials, such as fly ash, feedlot, and municipal and factory waste products can potentially decrease the quality of an organic source. Testing these materials for contaminants, pH, soluble salts, and bioassay (Table 10-9) will identify potential problems. Level of Decomposition – Organic matter can be in various stages of decomposition; from fresh organic matter with minimal decomposition to compost that has undergone extensive decomposition. The level of decomposition is an important consideration when selecting an organic amendment. Additions of relatively undecomposed organic matter to the soil can have negative short-term effects on plant establishment and growth. Nutrients (%) Tree Components Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium Branches Bark Wood Figure 10-27 | Nutrients in forest biomass Nutrients are held in different portions of the forest biomass, as shown for old growth Pacific silver fir. On a percentage basis, tree foliage is the storehouse for nutrients. Mulch derived from branches and foliage will have far greater nutrient content than mulch from bark and wood (adapted from Cole and Johnson 1981). “Fresh” organic matter is recently ground or chipped material that has undergone very little decomposition. These materials usually have very high C:N and will immobilize soil nitrogen for months to several years after incorporation, depending on the characteristics of the organic source. Very slow establishment of plants should be expected when incorporating fresh organic matter unless a continuous source of supplemental nitrogen is applied (e.g., applications of slow release fertilizers, growing nitrogen fixing plants). Nevertheless, applying fresh organic matter to highly disturbed soils can have a positive effect on slope hydrology and surface erosion. Fresh organic matter can increase infiltration and permeability in poorly structured soils by creating pathways for water-flow. Incorporating fresh organic matter is not generally practiced in roadside revegetation projects. However, considering the expense of purchasing and transporting composted materials to Inset 10-6 | The Seal of Testing Assurance Program Just as many products at the local market have seals of approval (e.g., “Approved by the FDA” or “USDA Inspected”), the United States Composting Council operates an approval system for composting facilities. The Seal of Testing Assurance (STA) is a voluntary program that requires compost manufacturers to regularly test their composts using an approved third-party testing facility. The procedures for sampling and testing are outlined in the Test Methods for the Examination of Composting and Compost protocols. The STA program takes the worry out of purchasing compost because you know that you can be assured that the company is reputable. You can purchase compost from companies that do not participate in the STA program (when the job site is in the back country you might have to do this), but this leaves the sampling and testing up to you. This involves traveling to the compost piles, systematically collecting samples from the compost piles, sending them to a qualified lab to run TMECC tests, and interpreting the results when you get them back. STA laboratories can be found at (after Alexander 2003). <strong>Roadside</strong> <strong>Revegetation</strong>: An Integrated Approach to Establishing Native Plants and Pollinator Habitat 260
IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Table 10.8 | C:N for common sources of organic matter Materials Wood - Ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir 1,200:1 to 1,300:1 Bark - Ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir 400:1 to 500:1 Wood - Red alder 377:1 Paper 170:1 Pine needles 110:1 Wheat straw 80:1 Bark - Red alder 71:1 Dry leaves 60:1 Dry hay 40:1 Leaves 40:1 to 80:1 Yard compost 25:1 to 30:1 Oat straw 24:1 Rotted manure 20:1 Alfalfa hay 13:1 Top soil 10:1 to 12:1 C:N Ratio From Rose and Boyer 1995; Epstein 1997; Claassen and Carey 2004; Claassen 2006 Table 10.9 | General specification ranges for composted materials for manufactured topsoil Test Parameters Test Methods Composted Material Physical Contaminates (man-made inerts) Man-made inert removal and classification (TMECC 03.08-C)
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Roadside Revegetation An Integrated
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Roadside Revegetation: An Integrate
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 3— Initiation P
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 5.9 Pests 127 5.9
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 10.4 Post Install
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Figure 3-5 | Exam
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Figure 6-10 | Cas
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Figure 10-91 | Se
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Insets Inset 2-1
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PREFACE In 1998, the Western Federa
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INTRODUCTION 1— Introduction 1.1
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INTRODUCTION 15 to 20 percent of th
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INTRODUCTION and others 2016, and c
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INTRODUCTION ◾◾ Integrate goals
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INTRODUCTION 1.5.2 WHAT ARE NATIVE
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INTRODUCTION Figure 1-9 | Roadside
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INTRODUCTION 1.6.1 INITIATION OVERV
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INITIATION PART ONE: COOPERATORS AN
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INITIATION PART TWO: ROAD PLANS AND
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT 4— Pla
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT Once rev
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT Revegeta
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT site on
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT The info
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT Figure 4
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT Figure 4
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT Disturbe
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT Table 4-
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT Column H
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PLANNING PHASE ONE: ORIENT species
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE 5.1
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE dur
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE Min
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE bac
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE Ins
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE Slo
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE Wat
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE the
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క క క క క క PLANNING PH
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE cle
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE bum
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE nit
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE Pla
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PLANNING PHASE TWO: ASSESS SITE Fig
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PLANNING PHASE THREE: VEGETATION AN
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PLANNING PHASE FOUR: INTEGRATE AND
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క క క క క క క క క
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE PREFACE T
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE TABLE OF
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE BACKGROUN
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE BACKGROUN
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE REVEGETAT
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE NON-NATIV
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE SUCCESS C
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE APPROXIMA
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE APPENDIX
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE REFERENCE
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REVEGETATION PLAN EXAMPLE REFERENCE
Page 229 and 230: IMPLEMENTATION 9.1 INTRODUCTION A s
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Page 315 and 316: IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Installation
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES A B Figure 10
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Table 10.15 |
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES production-or
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Restoration s
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES ◾◾ Approp
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Unbalanced or
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES You can get a
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Inset 10-18 |
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES planters stan
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES uniformity is
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Seed drills c
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Each species
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES would have lo
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES seeds. Poorly
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES ◾◾ Some s
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Consideration
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES (1979) found
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Revegetation
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES ◾◾ Storag
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES During the hy
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES (Pezeshki and
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Inset 10-22 |
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES inch) of soil
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES determine the
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES A B Figure 10
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES minimize the
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Planting - Pr
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES not secured w
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES ◾◾ High s
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES 10.4.5 IRRIGA
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES of water, the
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IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES Placing a pre
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INTRODUCTION MONITORING AND MANAGEM
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MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT Monitorin
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MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT ◾◾ Mo
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MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT Analysis
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INTRODUCTION MONITORING PROCEDURES
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MONITORING PROCEDURES ◾◾ Rectil
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MONITORING PROCEDURES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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MONITORING PROCEDURES Use of a digi
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MONITORING PROCEDURES ◾◾ Rectil
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MONITORING PROCEDURES N w e E 14.6
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MONITORING PROCEDURES Sampling of D
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MONITORING PROCEDURES Using the equ
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MONITORING PROCEDURES 12.9 STATISTI
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MONITORING PROCEDURES Calculating C
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MONITORING PROCEDURES that if more
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MONITORING PROCEDURES bee counts ca
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POLLINATOR-SPECIFIC CASE STUDIES Ch
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POLLINATOR-SPECIFIC CASE STUDIES pr
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Alexander R. 2003a. A
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Bower AD, St. Clair JB
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Claassen VP, Zasoski R
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Dyer K, Curtis L, Will
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Greaves RD, Hermann RK
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BIBLIOGRAPHY (Available at: https:/
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Landis T, Tinus RW, Mc
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Miller RM, May SW. 197
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BIBLIOGRAPHY between biodiversity c
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Soil Survey Staff. 197
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Trent A, Nolte D, Wagn
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Wolf DD, Blaser RE, Mo
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APPENDIX Native Revegetation Plants
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APPENDIX IOWA — NATIVE REVEGETATI
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APPENDIX Iowa — Native Revegetati
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APPENDIX Kansas — Native Revegeta
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APPENDIX Minnesota — Native Reveg
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APPENDIX Missouri — Native Revege
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APPENDIX Oklahoma — Native Revege
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APPENDIX TEXAS — NATIVE REVEGETAT
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APPENDIX Texas — Native Revegetat
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