Roadside Revegetation

C - CLUMPED
IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES
A
B
C
D
E
Revegetation Unit
2
Planting area:
Target plant spacing:
Ave. survival potential:
(43,560 * A) / (B * B) =
D * (100 / C) =
Plant Species
PIPO POTR5 AMAL2 Units
0.75 acres
9 14 20 feet
95 70 70 %
403 167 82 plants
425 238 117 plants
Definition
Area that will be planted
Desired distance between established plants
Percent of seedlings that survive after
one growing season
Desired number of established plants after
one growing season
Number of nursery plants that need to
be planted
Figure 10-117 | Calculating
number of plants needed
This type of spreadsheet helps calculate how
many plants of each species are needed and
should be developed for each planting area.
This example includes quaking aspen (POTR5),
ponderosa pine (PIPO), and Saskatoon serviceberry
(AMAL2), but can be extended to
accommodate more species.
With this information, a planting strategy can be developed for each planting
A
area using calculations similar to those shown in Figure 10-117.
Size of Planting Areas – The first step is to measure the area of each planting
unit. Although they could be calculated from blueprints, the true planting areas 1
should be measured on-site. A practical method is described in Figure 10-118. 2
Planting Patterns – The pattern at which nursery stock is planted is critical 3
for creating a more natural and visually pleasing roadside experience. Most 4
planters have learned to install plants at uniform spacing and in rows (Figure 5
10-119A). Although uniform patterns ensure that all plants have equal growing 6
space, it is not natural. Planting seedlings in groups (Figure 10-119B) or clumps
(Figure 10-119C) is more visually appealing and more ecologically functional.
8
More specific considerations about planting patterns are based on project 9
objectives and site characteristics of the area. A typical example would be using 10
plants to screen potentially dangerous or visually sensitive areas, such as large 11
cuts and fills or obliterated roads. Determining where trees or shrubs are to
12
be planted to meet these objectives can only be accomplished by driving the
newly constructed road and making these decisions in person.
Plant Spacing – The planting spacing or density (see Section 10.2.6.4, Determine Plant Needs)
will determine how quickly an area will be screened by vegetation. The higher the density, the
more plants are required. Selecting the appropriate density must be based on the existing
vegetation density recorded at reference sites, as well as both short- and long-term A - UNIFORMproject
objectives. It must also be based on the expected survival rates of the planted stock, since
not all planted stock will survive.
Survival Potential – Each planting area must be assessed for its unique site characteristics,
such as rock content, soil depth, accessibility, steep slopes, and poor accessibility. These will
Station
2 + 1000
2 + 1020
Slope
Length
(m)
3
4
Distance
Between
Stations
(m)
20
20
Area
(m 2 )
60
80
2 + 1040
2 + 1060
2 + 1080
6
7
6
20
20
20
120
140
120
7 2 + 1100 4 20 80
2 + 1120 2 20 40
B
C
D
m 2 640
Totals ft 2 6,888.90
Acres 0.16
Area
(m 2 )
= B2 * C2
= B3 * C3
= B4 * C4
= B5 * C5
= B6 * C6
= B7 * C7
= B8 * C8
= SUM(D2:D8)
= D10 * 10.76391
= D11 / 43,560
Figure 10-118 | Calculating
the planting unit area
This spreadsheet is a practical way to
calculate the area of each planting unit.
D
A - UNIFORM
B - RANDOM
Figure 10-119 | Planting patterns
are based on project objectives
A - UNIFORM
B - RANDOM
C - CLUMPED
(but groups are random)
The objectives of the outplanting project and desired
appearance affect planting patterns. If the
objective is rapid growth and quick site coverage,
the plants can be regularly spaced (A). However,
plants spaced in a more random pattern mimic
natural conditions (B), and a random clumped
pattern where different species are planted in
groups is often the most natural appearing (C)
(adapted from Landis and Dumroese 2006).
Roadside Revegetation: An Integrated Approach to Establishing Native Plants and Pollinator Habitat
356