Department of Defense INSTRUCTION

DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015
system has met or exceeds all directed EMD Phase exit criteria and Milestone C entrance
criteria. EMD will often continue past the initial production or fielding decision until all EMD
activities have been completed and all requirements have been tested and verified.
(e) Concurrency Between EMD and Production. In most programs for hardware
intensive products, there will be some degree of concurrency between initial production and the
completion of developmental testing; and perhaps some design and development work,
particularly completion of software, that will be scheduled to occur after the initial production
decision. Concurrency between development and production can reduce the lead time to field a
system, but it also can increase the risk of design changes and costly retrofits after production
has started. Program planners and decision authorities should determine the acceptable or
desirable degree of concurrency based on a range of factors. In general, however, there should
be a reasonable expectation, based on developmental testing of full-scale EMD prototypes, that
the design is stable and will not be subject to significant changes following the decision to enter
production. At Milestone B, the specific technical event-based criteria for initiating production
or fielding at Milestone C will be determined and included in the Milestone B ADM.
(f) Release of the P&D RFP. If the strategy and associated business arrangements
planned and approved at Milestone B have been changed as a result of EMD phase activity, or if
the validated capability requirements have changed, an updated Acquisition Strategy will be
submitted for MDA review and approval prior to the release of the RFP for competitive source
selection or the initiation of sole source negotiations. In any event, an updated Acquisition
Strategy will be submitted prior to Milestone C and contract award, consistent with the
procedures specified in this document. Paragraph 6a in Enclosure 2 provides additional detail
about the Acquisition Strategy.
(g) Additional EMD Phase Requirements
1. Inherently Government Functions and Lead System Integrators (LSI).
Program managers will emphasize the importance of appropriate checks and balances when
contractors perform acquisition-related activities and ensure that the government is singularly
responsible for the performance of inherently governmental functions. If the Acquisition
Strategy for a major system calls for the use of a LSI, a contract will not be awarded to an offeror
that either has or is expected to acquire a direct financial interest in the development or
construction of an individual system or an element of a system of systems within the major
system under the LSI. Exceptions may be granted by the MDA, as provided in 10 U.S.C. 2410p
(Reference (g) (h)), that require certification to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate
and House of Representatives. Table 6 in Enclosure 1 of this instruction provides details about
the exception reporting.
2. Advanced Procurement of Long Lead Production Items. The MDA may
authorize long lead at any point during EMD or at the Development RFP Release Decision or
Milestone B, subject to the availability of appropriations. These items are procured in advance
of a Milestone C production decision in order to provide for a more efficient transition to
production. The amount of long lead appropriate for a given program depends on the type of
product being acquired. The product’s content dictates the need for early purchase of selected
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