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56<br />
JUSTICE AND TOLERANCE IN THE OUR'AN<br />
orig<strong>in</strong>ally a small state that spread rapidly, supersed<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />
Byz<strong>an</strong>t<strong>in</strong>e Empire <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> which eventually came over a vast<br />
swath of l<strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g southwest Asia, nor<strong>the</strong>ast Africa,<br />
<strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>ast Europe. Today, we still come across traces of<br />
<strong>the</strong> Ottom<strong>an</strong> Empire <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Balk<strong>an</strong>s, <strong>the</strong> Middle East <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong><br />
North Africa. Everywhere <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ottom<strong>an</strong> Empire was ruled<br />
by Muslim adm<strong>in</strong>istrators who displayed <strong>the</strong> noble traits of<br />
people who adhered to Islamic tenets. One c<strong>an</strong> underst<strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>fluence of <strong>the</strong> Ottom<strong>an</strong>s from <strong>the</strong> quotation below,<br />
taken from <strong>the</strong> ten-volume work, Histoire de la Turquie, (1854)<br />
by Lamart<strong>in</strong>e:<br />
Visit Izmir, Ist<strong>an</strong>bul, Syria or Leb<strong>an</strong>on. Go to monasteries, holy<br />
places, <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> educational <strong>in</strong>stitutions <strong>the</strong>re. Look at <strong>the</strong> places where<br />
religious education is provided <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> ask people "Was <strong>the</strong>re <strong>an</strong>yth<strong>in</strong>g<br />
wrong with <strong>the</strong> attitude of <strong>the</strong> Ottom<strong>an</strong>s to you, or <strong>the</strong> protection<br />
<strong>the</strong>y provided?" All of <strong>the</strong>m will tell you about "<strong>the</strong> impartial<br />
treatment of <strong>the</strong> Ottom<strong>an</strong>s <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sult<strong>an</strong>"… Indeed, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
adm<strong>in</strong>istration of <strong>the</strong>se religious places, <strong>the</strong> Ottom<strong>an</strong> sult<strong>an</strong>s acted<br />
with a profound sense of objectivity, respect <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> peace… 21<br />
Start<strong>in</strong>g from <strong>the</strong> time of Osm<strong>an</strong> Ghazi (a title given to a<br />
victorious Muslim military leader), <strong>the</strong> founder of <strong>the</strong><br />
Ottom<strong>an</strong> Empire, Sult<strong>an</strong> Mehmed <strong>the</strong> Conqueror, <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r<br />
emperors became role models for all hum<strong>an</strong>ity to follow with<br />
<strong>the</strong>ir elevated m<strong>an</strong>ner <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> <strong>the</strong> justice <strong>the</strong>y displayed <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
adm<strong>in</strong>istrations. Under <strong>the</strong>ir authority, people of different<br />
religions <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> creeds co-existed <strong>in</strong> peace. Fur<strong>the</strong>rmore, <strong>the</strong>re<br />
existed some communities which did not resist at all <strong><strong>an</strong>d</strong> of<br />
<strong>the</strong>ir own free will submitted to <strong>the</strong> rule of Sult<strong>an</strong> Mehmed<br />
<strong>the</strong> Conqueror. This alone bespeaks <strong>the</strong> great satisfaction