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Of castros and romans Castro of Mount Mozinho (Penafiel) fortified towers, where two statues of Galician warriors were found (currently located in the Provincial Museum). It integrates the Route of Castros y Verracos of the Hispanic-Lusitanian Border. Both these late, big citânias and the most relevant earlier castros, such as Castromao, Armea and Santa Luzia, were deepening their roles as capitals of a particular community or castro populus. The commercial activity of these big castros was reflected in the presence of imported ceramics and luxury products. This is very obvious in the castro of Viladonga, in Castro de Rei, 20 kilometres far from Lugo, an important settlement date between the 2nd and 5th centuries A.C., in the very Galician-Roman phase, and a true articulating centre of commerce in the north of Galicia. The same happens in the castro of Monte Castelo de Guifões in Matosinhos, located in the estuary of the Leça river. The important amount of pieces of amphora that were found in its excavations makes us think of the relevance that the routes of maritime commerce had, once in contact with Rome. In this way, even after the Roman conquest, they will not lose, but rather reinforce, this articulating role in their territories. Geographically, to sum up, it can be stated that the castro culture extends in a very coincident way with what was going to be the Roman Gallaecia: the current Galicia, the most occidental 22
From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region Castro of Mount Castelo de Guifões (Matosinhos) regions of Asturias, the provinces of León and Zamora, as well as the North of Portugal. Although Gallaecia had its limits at the Duero river, the area of influence of the castro culture reached the southern areas, up to Vouga river. Between both rivers, in Santa María da Feira, one can find the castro of Romariz, where there is an interesting combination of dwelling structures, both circular and quadrangular. It was inhabited from the 5th century B.C. until the first moments of the Romanization. Castro of Romariz (Santa María da Feira) 23
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Project submitted to the first call
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