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Of kings, bishops and monks The middle ages Cathedral of Braga (Braga) This same transition between Romanesque and Gothic is tangible in certain elements of the cathedral of Porto, such as the flying buttress used for the vault of the central nave, although great reforms have also modified its external appearance. Also the cathedral of Lugo had its exteriors modified through the centuries, with the introduction of Gothic elements (the apses at the front and the northern portico), Baroque (the cloisters) or even Neoclassical, such as its main façade. If these two Portuguese cathedrals are National Monument, the one in Ourense is a Property of Cultural Interest and the one of Lugo joins this distinction together with being World Heritage by UNESCO, also with the Primitive and Northern Ways of Saint James. 1. Chapel of the Virxe dos Ollos Grandes (cathedral of Lugo) 2. Cathedral of Porto (Porto) 3. Cloister of the cathedral of Porto (Porto) 54
From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region San Paio de Diamondi (Monforte de Lemos) Romanesque art through monasteries Monasteries are a fundamental element for the diffusion of Romanesque. The religious reform by Alfonso VI had a lot to do with their creation or re-foundation, since it was in this moment when the Benedictine monasticism –already settled in Catalonia and the rest of Europe- definitively settled in the occidental kingdoms of the Peninsula. In fact, it was introduced so late in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, already in the 12th century, that it almost coincided in time with the arrival of the Cistercian monks, equally based on the rule of San Benito, but reformists of the former ones. Both orders had a great implementation in Galicia and Portugal. Their success and their economic management, especially in the Cistercian case, with their farm system, resulted in the cultivation of new land. This was especially relevant for a product: wine. Although it was already cultivated since the Roman times, the great diffusion and generalization of vineyards took place in the Middle Ages. This section of history offers an excellent opportunity to combine a wine experience with its surroundings of villages and landscapes. The cave sites are basins excavated in the rock among the vineyards where, depending on the case, the grapes were crushed or pressed to obtain the wine, before the adegas (“wineries”) became usual in the homes. A great concentration of these medieval wineries can be found in areas of wine tradition, both in the Galician south and the north of Portugal. An example is Viana do Castelo, with three wineries in the south bank of the Limia river: Castelo do Neiva, Subportela and Vila Franca. The area with the largest concentration is the Támega valley: on the Portugese side stand out examples like Chaves, the ensembles of the wineries of Outeiro Seco and Santo Estevão, and its adjacent Valpaços. Meanwhile, in Galicia there is a route that joins the most relevant ones from the almost forty that have been catalogued in the towns of Verín, Monterrei, Oímbra and Cualedro. This economic prosperity allowed many of these monasteries to build excellent Romanesque buildings and churches, with interesting ensembles that are maintained today. The same happened with the construction of numerous parochial churches dated from the same period. 55
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FROM GALLAECIA TO THE EURO-REGION T
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PUBLISHER. Eixo Atlántico do Noroe
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Index 00Presentation. 01Stone art.
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Map Stone art. Our prehistory. Of k
Page 10 and 11: Ricardo Rio As mayor of Braga one o
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Page 28 and 29: Of castros and romans Castro of Mou
Page 30 and 31: Of castros and romans Thermal baths
Page 32 and 33: Of castros and romans O Castro (Vig
Page 34 and 35: Of castros and romans The greatness
Page 36 and 37: Of castros and romans Roman Bridge
Page 38 and 39: Of castros and romans Aquae Flaviae
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Page 79 and 80: The modern times
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Page 103 and 104: From revolution to our days.
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From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region F
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From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region D
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From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region 1
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From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region B
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From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region N
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From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region H
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From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region E
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From Gallaecia to the Euro-Region C
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