XV-15 litho - NASA's History Office

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142 1968 Boeing Vertol awarded contract NAS2-5025 from Ames to investigate the effect of blade twist on the performance of model-scale proprotors. Several performance tests were conducted between 1969 and 1973 in the Army 7- by 10foot wind tunnel at Ames, the Ames 40-by 80-foot wind tunnel, and the ONERA (Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales) 8-meter (26-foot) diameter S-1 wind tunnel in Modane-Avrieux, France. 1969 Contract NAS2-5386 awarded to Bell for the Ames 40-by 80-foot wind tunnel aeroelastic stability tests of 25-foot diameter gimbaled proprotor. November 1970 Performance tests conducted with Bell 25-foot diameter proprotor in the Ames 40- by 80-foot wind tunnel as part of contract NAS2-5386. 1971 Woodrow L. Cook appoints manager of the V/STOL Projects Office (for the development and flight investigation of powered lift V/STOL aircraft) by Dr. Leonard Roberts, Director of the NASA Ames Aeronautics and Flight Mechanics Directorate. Cook’s deputy and manager of the Advanced VTOL Projects Office was Wally Deckert. August 1971 Contracts awarded to Boeing Vertol (NAS2-6598) and Bell (NAS2-6599) to conduct preliminary tilt rotor aircraft design studies. 18 September 1971 Robert Lichten, Bell’s director of advanced engineering and chief engineer for the XV-3 project, dies following an automobile accident. 12 October 1971 NASA Ames Research Center awarded Bell contract for engineering study and a report to define future military and commercial applications of tilt rotor vehicles. 1 November 1971 “An Agreement Between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of the Army for the Joint Development and Operation of Tilt Rotor Proofof-Concept Research Vehicles at the Ames Research Center” signed. January 1972 Boeing contract NAS2-6598 was extended to include a preliminary design of an advanced composite wing and to define a gust and blade load alleviation feedback control system for tilt rotor aircraft.
February 1972 Bell’s tilt-fold-stowed tilt rotor tested in the Ames 40- by 80-foot wind tunnel under contract NAS2-5461. August 1972 Boeing conducts dynamics tests of its 26-foot diameter hingeless, soft-in-plane proprotor in the Ames 40- by 80foot wind tunnel under Army-funded contract NAS2-6505. September, October, Hover tests of 1/5 scale powered aeroelastic model of the December 1972 Bell Model 300 tilt rotor aircraft conducted under Ames contract NAS2-6599 to examine performance and dynamic characteristics for near-ground operations. 20 October 1972 Two fixed-price contracts of $0.5M each awarded by Ames to Boeing-Vertol (contract NAS2-7259) and Bell (contract NAS2-7260) for preliminary aircraft design studies and the development of a program plan for a minimum-size tilt rotor research aircraft that could meet proof-of-concept objectives. December 1972 Performance tests of Boeing 26-foot diameter hingeless, soft-in-plane proprotor conducted the Ames 40- by 80-foot wind tunnel. 22 January 1973 Proposals received at Ames from Boeing Vertol and Bell for the design, fabrication, and testing of two Tilt Rotor research aircraft. January-March 1973 Low speed wind tunnel tests conducted by Bell to document the performance and static stability of a 1/5 scale powered aeroelastic tilt rotor model. March 1973 Ames contracted with Bell (NAS2-7308) and made arrangements with the Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory (AFAPL) at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base for the hover performance test of the Bell 25-foot diameter proprotor. 13 April 1973 Bell Helicopter Company, Fort Worth, Texas, selected for negotiations leading to a contract for the design, fabrication, and testing of two tilt rotor aircraft. 31 July 1973 Phase II-A 60-day planning limited level of effort activity for the development of the tilt rotor research aircraft awarded to Bell. 30 September 1973 “Go-ahead” given to Bell for the design, fabrication, and test of two V/STOL tilt rotor research aircraft (Contract NAS2-7800). 143
Page 1:
The History of The XV-15 Tilt Rotor
Page 5:
Contents Prologue . . . . . . . . .
Page 9:
Dedication The story of the success
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Foreword The development of tilt ro
Page 17 and 18:
List of Figures Figure 1 Leonardo d
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Figure 41 Simultaneous static test
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Figure A-2 Transcendental Model 2 t
Page 23 and 24:
List of Acronyms AARL Army Aeronaut
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TRENDS Tilt Rotor Engineering Datab
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Figure 2. Illustration of vertical
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Figure 4. McDonnell XV-1 compound h
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Figure 7. Henry Berliner tiltpropel
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Top: Figure 9. The Baynes Heliplane
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Figure 13. Illustration from the Ha
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Figure 17. Bob Lichten, extreme lef
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Figure 20. Tiedown tests of the XV-
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16 Research and Engineering), obtai
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18 management continued to show int
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20 Building the Technology Base Aer
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Figure 25. Bell 25-ft. diameter pro
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Figure 28. Performance tests of 5-f
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Figure 31. Bell 25-ft. diameter pro
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28 Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft Pro
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30 During the late 1960s and early
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32 range of loading conditions and
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34 The initial projected cost of $4
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Figure 35. Illustration of the Boei
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Figure 36. 1/5 scale XV-15 model in
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40 under the contract. To accomplis
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42 Aircraft Development The primary
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44 Test stand angle box Test stand
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Figure 40. Proprotor response to co
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Figure 41. Simultaneous static test
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50 helicopters. For the conversion
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52 Prior to the start of flight ope
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Figure 44. Initial Bell tiedown sho
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56 degrees 25 and a brief assessmen
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Figure 45. XV-15 in the Ames Resear
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60 NAVAIR managers as a means of de
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Figure 46. Government and Bell pers
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Figure 49. Tiedown test facility at
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66 Wheel height Top: Figure 51. Met
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68 Symmetric beam mode Antisymmetri
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Figure 55. XV-15 during short takeo
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Top: Figure 56. Flow visualization
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74 during “degraded” flight con
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Figure 59. Hover acoustics tests du
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78 Nose weight Top: Figure 61. Typi
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80 Following the completion of cont
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82 After the proprotors stopped, th
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84 sudden stoppage of the right eng
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86 A reconversion to the helicopter
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88 Paris Air Show By early 1981, th
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90 enroute from Farnborough to Fran
Page 118 and 119: Top: Figure 66. Senator Goldwater i
Page 120 and 121: Figure 69. Shipboard evaluations of
Page 122 and 123: Figure 71. XV-15 at the New York Po
Page 124 and 125: 98 Crash (October 16 and 17, 1991).
Page 126 and 127: 100 The End of an Era By the mid 19
Page 128 and 129: Top: Figure 73. XV-15 at the Dallas
Page 130 and 131: 104 management system was very effe
Page 132 and 133: 106 could make use of the same flig
Page 134 and 135: Figure 76. The Bell tilt rotor eagl
Page 136 and 137: 110 demonstrations two years earlie
Page 138 and 139: 112 Future Tilt Rotor Aircraft By t
Page 140 and 141: 114 tiltrotor aircraft program. Thi
Page 142 and 143: 116 Model 1-G Characteristics Power
Page 144 and 145: Figure A-3. Transcendental Model 2
Page 146 and 147: Figure A-4. XV-3 three-view drawing
Page 148 and 149: Figure A-5. XV-3 inboard drawing, s
Page 150 and 151: Nacelle angle (degrees) 124 120 90
Page 152 and 153: Figure A-8. General layout and majo
Page 154 and 155: Figure A-9. Side view inboard profi
Page 156 and 157: Figure A-11. XV-15 height-velocity
Page 158 and 159: 132 Weight Design . . . . . . . . .
Page 160 and 161: 134 WBS LEVEL: Bell Army/NASA I II
Page 162 and 163: 136 US Army Air Mobility Research a
Page 164 and 165: 138 Army/NASA (continued) Staff (19
Page 166 and 167: 140 Appendix C—Chronology 1452-15
Page 170 and 171: 144 November, Initial piloted simul
Page 172 and 173: 146 24 March 1982 XV-15 demonstrate
Page 174 and 175: 148 30 July 1987 FAA/NASA/DOD Tilt
Page 176 and 177: 150 21 August 1990 V-22 reached 340
Page 178 and 179: 152 14 June 1993 The Department of
Page 180 and 181: 154 Appendix D—Awards and Records
Page 182 and 183: Figure D-1. Jean Tinsley, first wom
Page 184 and 185: Figure E-3. XV-15 flying by the Sta
Page 186 and 187: Figure E-7. Bell test pilots Roy Ho
Page 188 and 189: Figure E-11. Ken Wernicke, Bell til
Page 190 and 191: 164 Appendix F—Bibliography Tilt
Page 192 and 193: 166 Ball, J. C. “XV-15 Shipboard
Page 194 and 195: 168 Churchill, G. B.; Dugan, D. C.
Page 196 and 197: 170 Edenborough, H. K. “Investiga
Page 198 and 199: 172 Harendra, P. B.; Joglekar, M. J
Page 200 and 201: 174 Kvaternik, Raymond G. “Studie
Page 202 and 203: 176 Magee, J. P.; Pruyn, R. “Pred
Page 204 and 205: 178 Martin, Stanley, Jr.; Erb, Lee
Page 206 and 207: 180 Rutledge, Charles K.; George, A
Page 208 and 209: 182 Tischler, M. B.; Leung, J. G. M
Page 210 and 211: 184 Whitaker, H. L.; Cheng, Yi. “
Page 212 and 213: 186 Daniel C. Dugan Daniel Dugan gr
Page 214 and 215: 188 Carnet, 88 Carpenter, Ron, 91 C
Page 216 and 217: 190 Moffett Airfield, Moffett Field
Page 219 and 220:
Monographs in Aerospace History Lau
Page 222:
National Aeronautics and Space Admi
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XV-15 litho - NASA's History Office

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