XV-15 litho - NASA's History Office

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Prologue This monograph is a testament to the efforts of many people overcoming multiple technical challenges encountered while developing the XV-15 tilt rotor research aircraft. The Ames involvement with the tilt rotor aircraft began in 1957 with investigations of the performance and dynamic behavior of the Bell XV-3 tilt rotor aircraft. At that time, Ames Research Center was known as the Ames Aeronautical Laboratory of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). As we approach the new millennium, and after more than 40 years of effort and the successful completion of our initial goals, it is appropriate to reflect on the technical accomplishments and consider the future applications of this unique aircraft class, the tilt rotor. The talented engineers, technicians, managers, and leaders at Ames have worked hard with their counterparts in the U.S. rotorcraft industry to overcome technology barriers and to make the military and civil tilt rotor aircraft safer, environmentally acceptable, and more efficient. The tilt rotor aircraft combines the advantages of vertical takeoff and landing capabilities, inherent to the helicopter, with the forward speed and range of a fixed wing turboprop airplane. Our studies have shown that this new vehicle type can provide the aviation transportation industry with the flexibility for highspeed, long-range flight, coupled with runway-independent operations, thus having a significant potential to relieve airport congestion. We see the tilt rotor aircraft as an element of the solution to this growing air transport problem. I am proud of our past accomplishments and ongoing efforts in the development of tilt rotor technology. Much remains to be done to continue to develop and further enable quiet, ultra-safe, cost-efficient flight for this class of vehicles. I am convinced that Ames Research Center will continue to provide the leadership necessary to be in the forefront of new developments leading to the introduction of tilt rotor aircraft into the aviation transportation system of the 21st century. Enjoy the aviation historical journey that unfolds on the following pages. Harry McDonald Director, NASA Ames Research Center iii
Page 1: The History of The XV-15 Tilt Rotor
Page 5: Contents Prologue . . . . . . . . .
Page 11: Acknowledgments The authors wish to
Page 15: Foreword The XV-15 tilt rotor resea
Page 18 and 19: xiv Figure 22 XV-3 in airplane mode
Page 20 and 21: xvi Figure 60 The XV-15 flying in c
Page 22 and 23: xviii Figure E-11 Ken Wernicke, Bel
Page 24 and 25: xx JAA Joint Aviation Authorities J
Page 27 and 28: Introduction For as long as can be
Page 29 and 30: disc loading lifting systems are ca
Page 31 and 32: achieved a speed of 200 mph in 1955
Page 33 and 34: Figure 8. U.S. patent illustration
Page 35 and 36: ing partial conversions to within 1
Page 37 and 38: A second, improved, Transcendental
Page 39 and 40: understand and resolve the cause of
Page 41 and 42: cept is operationally practical wit
Page 43 and 44: overloads as the aircraft was being
Page 45 and 46: NASA-Army Cooperation During the la
Page 47 and 48: that satisfactory high-speed aeroel
Page 49 and 50: The Boeing technical approach was a
Page 51 and 52: this and an additional contract, Bo
Page 53 and 54: lytical models that were being deve
Page 55 and 56: Helicopter Technology Division was
Page 57 and 58:
As the leader of the V/STOL Project
Page 59 and 60:
Initial planning presented an activ
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e) evaluate potential benefits of a
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To support the SEB in determining t
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Shortly after the start of the Phas
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WBSE Level I II III IV III IV III I
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tooth configuration, were fabricate
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to build “safety” into the desi
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lateral input, controls roll. Figur
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left the fuselage and figure 42 sho
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the TRRA, so a larger, next-generat
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In 1979, the need to conduct XV-15
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defined in the TRRA Project Plan, c
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as could be accepted for tests in t
Page 85 and 86:
Navy Participation For a period of
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Flight Envelope Expansion With the
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At the end of the ceremony, Bell fl
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Flight Research In 1981, after a nu
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flow phenomenon that caused the hig
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modes of the tilt rotor aircraft in
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component occurred during the STO t
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Jim Weiberg’s leaf blower became
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noise database for various flight m
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close formation to a quiet research
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ect was considered the first step i
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swashplate ring material from alumi
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Incidents Door Strike On September
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It turned out that once again a set
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The metal blades were constructed o
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Working with an international freig
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Evaluations and Demonstrations Eval
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and “lock-on” of enemy aircraft
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from the Naval Air Test Center, Pat
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five different locations. All fligh
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for which they were designed. An ac
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A review of the availability of fli
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XV-15 Project Summary This review o
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Epilogue The XV-15 continues to con
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the JVX activity had recently begun
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highly automated, command based fli
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(CTR). 58 The CTRDAC was to also co
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configurations such as the variable
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Appendix A—Aircraft Descriptions
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Transcendental Model 2 The Transcen
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Bell XV-3 The XV-3 63 (figures A-4
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XV-3 Characteristics Powerplant One
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XV-15 Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft
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dients are increased and trim rates
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A cutaway drawing showing the key c
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Figure A-10. Top view inboard profi
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XV-15 Characteristics Powerplant Tw
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Appendix B—Key Personnel Key Tilt
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Key Industry and Government Tilt Ro
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Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft Projec
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XV-15 Ground Crew Assignment Bell A
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20 July 1955 Transcendental Model 1
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February 1972 Bell’s tilt-fold-st
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5 December 1979 Uneventful landing
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15 July 1984 Bell-Boeing submitted
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14 September 1989 V-22 aircraft no.
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26 November 1991 President signs Ap
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August 1996 Boeing becomes partner
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1 October 1980 Iven C. Kincheloe Aw
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Appendix E—Photo Gallery Figure E
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Figure E-5. XV-15 flyby at the Jeff
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Figure E-9. XV-15 in camouflage mar
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Figure E-13. XV-15 N702NA crew stat
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Anon. Bell’s XV-3. AEROPHILE, vol
Page 193 and 194:
Boorla, Raghupati. “Damage Tolera
Page 195 and 196:
Decker, William A.; Bray, Richard S
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Gaffey, T. M.; Yen, J. G.; Kvaterni
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Johnson, Wayne. “Optimal Control
Page 201 and 202:
Liebensberger, Claude E. “Some Co
Page 203 and 204:
Mark, Hans; Lynn, Robert R. “Airc
Page 205 and 206:
Peck, W. B.; Schoen, A. H. “The V
Page 207 and 208:
Schroers, L. “Dynamic Structural
Page 209 and 210:
Wernicke, K. G. “Performance and
Page 211 and 212:
About the Authors Martin D. Maisel
Page 213 and 214:
Index Acree, C. Wally, 69, 77n, 82
Page 215 and 216:
Giulianetti, Demo J., 88, 95, 185 G
Page 217:
Smyth, Henry, 30 Snyder, William, 2
Page 220:
194 Perminov, V.G. The Difficult Ro
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XV-15 litho - NASA's History Office

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