oxford_guide_to_english_grammar

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Be, have and do
82 Summary
Auxiliary verbs and ordinary verbs • 83
Be, have and do can be auxiliary verbs or ordinary verbs.
Auxiliary verbs
We were waiting for a bus.
I have thought about it.
Does Tina need any help?
Ordinary verbs
We were at the bus stop.
I have a suggestion.
Tina does all the work.
The ordinary verb be • 84
The ordinary verb be has a number of different uses.
The shop is on the corner. The twins are eighteen.
Have (got) • 85
Have (got) expresses possession and related meanings.
Richard has (got) a motor-bike. We've got a problem.
The ordinary verb have • 86
The ordinary verb have can be an action verb with meanings such as 'experience'
or 'receive'.
I'm having a holiday. We had a sudden shock.
Empty verbs • 87
Sometimes we can express an action as an empty verb + object, e.g. have a ride,
take a look.
The ordinary verb do • 88
We can use do as an ordinary verb to talk about actions.
What on earth have you done? I'm doing a few odd jobs.
Do and make • 89
Do and make have similar meanings and some idiomatic uses.