oxford_guide_to_english_grammar

2 THE SIMPLE SENTENCE
11 Call, put etc
1 Verb + object + complement
Compare these two kinds of complement.
Subject Subject Object Object
complement
complement
The driver was tired. The journey made the driver tired.
He became president. They elected him president.
The subject complement relates to the subject of the clause; • 9. The object
complement relates to the object of the clause. In both patterns tired relates to
the driver, and president relates to he/him.
Here are some more sentences with an object complement.
The thief thought himself rather unlucky. They called the dog Sasha.
The court found him guilty of robbery. We painted the walls bright yellow.
I prefer my soup hot.
Here are some verbs in this pattern.
With adjective or noun phrase: believe, call, consider, declare, find, keep, leave, like,
make, paint, prefer, prove, think, want
With adjective: drive, get, hold, pull, push, send, turn
With noun phrase: appoint, elect, name, vote
2 Verb + object + adverbial
The adverbial in this pattern typically expresses place.
The man put the coat over his arm. We keep the car in the garage.
He got the screw into the hole. The path led us through trees.
NOTE
a Leave can come in this pattern, but forget cannot.
I left my umbrella at home. But NOT I forgot my umbrella at home.
b Lay (past: laid) comes in the same pattern as put.
The woman laid a blanket on the ground.
Lie (past: lay) is a linking verb which takes an adverbial. • 9(2)
The woman lay in the sunshine.
12 Extra adverbials
1 Look at these clause patterns.
Subject Verb Adverbial
The conference is every year.
Subject Verb Object Adverbial
He put the coat over his arm.
These adverbials cannot be left out. They are necessary to complete the sentence.