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nucmag.com 2017 edition available! The Whole Story of Nuclear Power – 60 Years on Disc atw-digital | 60 years: 1956 to 2015 atw-digital | 60 years: 1956 to 2015 Single User License nucmag.com © INFORUM ı Berlin | 2017 Expert’s articles, reports, interviews and news covering all technical, economic and political topics of nuclear power and technology. Read the articles on your computer or print them out. Navigate quickly to the desired papers with a few mouse clicks. Convenient search function in all papers as full-text search and/or deliberate search for authors and documents titles. I would like to order (single user license), payment by invoice: atw-digital 799.– €* | 60 years: 1956 to 2015 599.– €* Surname, First Name Organization/Order no. DAtF-/KTG-Member (yes/no)* Also available on Disc: | 5 years: 2012 to 2016 each 199.– €* 149.– €* | 1 year: 2017 69.– €* 49.– €* Street Postal Code City Country Telephone/E-mail VAT no. (EU countries except Germany) Please send your order to: INFORUM Verlags- und Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH Robert-Koch-Platz 4 10115 Berlin, Germany Fax-No. +49 30 498555-18 or order online: www.nucmag.com/shop Prices excluding postage. Prices including 19% VAT for Germany and all EU member states without VAT number. For EU member states with VAT number and all other countries VAT will not be added. I order atw-digital | as indicated on the left and agree to the terms and cancellation rights referred to below. Date Signature Cancellation: This order may be cancelled within 14 days. A notice must be sent to INFORUM Verlags- und Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, 10115 Berlin, Germany, within this period. The deadline will be observed by due mailing. Prompt dispatch of the notification is sufficient for compliance with the cancellation conditions. * Special price for DAtF- and KTG-Members.
atw Vol. 63 (2018) | Issue 6/7 ı June/July Summary: Nuclear Power 2017 | 2018: Figures, Facts, Assessments and Two Remarkable Conclusions With the available data, the middle of the year is certainly a suitable time for a summary and an assessment of the development of nuclear energy in the course of the previous year. But first, for a given reason, two current and certainly noteworthy findings. • With the commissioning of the 1,086 MWe (gross) Yangjiang-5 nuclear power plant in China, not only has the country's 40 th nuclear power plant gone into operation, the total number of nuclear power plants in operation worldwide has also reached another historic high. After the Leningrad 2-1 (1,199 MWe) and Rostov-4 (1,070 MWe) units went into operation in Russia in 2018, 451 nuclear power plants are currently in operation worldwide. With 421,553 MWe gross output and 398,094 MWe net output, there is also more nuclear energy capacity available worldwide than ever before. • Additionally, the contribution of nuclear power plants increases in terms of security of supply and system stability, depending on the structure of production in the countries. Nuclear power plants have outstanding characteristics in terms of load following capability. With high possible load change rates and large power strokes, i.e. the difference between minimum and maximum power, nuclear power plants together with other conventional power plants are not stopgap or fillers in power supply systems, but the basis for grid stability and integration of the volatile feed from renewables. Nuclear power plants and conventional power plants supply electricity when the renewables are not available and their controllability opens the way for renewable electricity when it is available at high output due to the whims of the nature. Now, back to the summary for 2017: With 449 nuclear power plants one unit less were in operation than at the end of the previous year. In particular, four units became critical and/or were synchronised for the first time with the grid: Fuqing-4 and Tianwan-3 in China, Chasnupp-4 in Pakistan, and Rostov-4 in Russia. Five units stopped operation in 2017 and were finally shutdown: in Germany, after 33 years of successful operation, the Gundremmingen-B NPP was shutdown due to the political decision in 2011; in Japan, the prototype fast breeder reactor Monju ceased operation; in Sweden the Oskarshamn-1 unit and in Spain, after five years of unsuccessful waiting for an application for further operation, the Santa Maria de Garona plant stopped electricity production. For electricity generation capacities, the global nuclear energy gross capacity of 420,383 MWe exceeded the 400,000-MW-mark again and the capacity was quasi on the same level as in 2016 with 420,534 MWe due to high capacities of the new reactors. Even, the net capacity increased from 397,003 MWe in 2016 up to 397,193 MWe with a plus of 190 MWe. A further increase can also be registered for electricity generation. The net production of 2,490 TWh is about 1 % higher compared to last year with 2,477 TWh. Due to the 35 non-operating nuclear power plants in Japan in 2017 this is considerably lower than before the Fukushima incident in 2011. However, two nuclear power units, Takahama-3 and Takahama-4, were reconnected to the grid in Japan in 2017. This means that a total of seven plants have been put back into operation in Japan since 2011. Thus, the nuclear power share to the overall energy production remains at 11 %, the share of nuclear energy in the entire global energy supply at about 4.5 % – these are certainly two remarkable figures: The currently 414 active nuclear power plants are able to provide electricity to every tenth person worldwide or every twentieth person worldwide covers its energy needs with nuclear power ... as mentioned: Regionally and in each single nuclear energy using countries the share of nuclear power in the electricity production differs with a range of 4 % in China – which means a doubling in the past five years – up to almost 28 % in France. 13 states cover more than 30 % of its electricity generation with nuclear. With 182 reactors Europe remains the most important region using nuclear energy. With a share of about 27 % almost every fourth kilowatt-hour of electricity spent in European is generated in nuclear power plants. Regarding newly started projects in 2017, three projects were implemented: In Bangladesh the Rooppur project started; India started its third project at the Kudankulam site and in the Republic of Korea the project Shin-Kori-5 was initiated. Thus globally 55 nuclear power plant units with a 59,872 MWe gross – and 56,642 MWe net capacity were under construction; due to commissioning two less than in the previous year. Furthermore around 125 new build projects were registered, which are currently in a specific planning stage. Besides many projects are planned in countries, which plan to enter the nuclear sector. For another 100 nuclear power plant units exist already preliminary plans. These nuclear figures reflect a rather unspectacular development of global nuclear energy with a constant or rather slight decreasing share. A glance at the details, both globally and from each single country show, that nuclear energy can definitely expand its important role in the global energy supply. On the one hand, this can be explained by the advised operations times of existing reactors. Today, 60 years of operating time are technically and economically reality and 80 years are under preparation, safety-related feasible without any compromises and thus for many today’s older plants already in preparation or realisation phase. Thus, the nuclear “age pyramid” with many plants in the range of 25 to 40 operating years, will have a rather small influence during the next decades. The regulatory and political environment shows, that these strategies are accepted or even receive support through arguments such as conserving resources, climate protection, favourable and stable costs as well as supply reliability. The contribution of innovative technical developments such as Small Modular Reactors, which are currently being discussed and developed in many different ways, is not exactly foreseeable. But these developments show that the potential of nuclear energy technology is far from exhausted – here we are more at the beginning than at the end of the journey. Christopher Weßelmann – Editor in Chief – 359 EDITORIAL Editorial Figures, Facts, Assessments and Two Remarkable Conclusions
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