z/OS V1R9.0 UNIX System Services Command ... - Christian Grothoff

n = ord(expr)
Returns the integer value of first character in the string value of expr. This
is useful in conjunction with %c in sprintf.
str = tolower(expr)
Converts all letters in the string value of expr into lowercase, and returns
the result. If you omit expr, tolower uses $0 instead. This function uses the
value of the locale or the LC_CTYPE environment variable.
str = toupper(expr)
Converts all letters in the string value of expr into uppercase, and returns
the result. If you omit expr, toupper uses $0 instead. This function uses the
value of the locale or the LC_CTYPE environment variable.
System function
status = system(expr)
Runs the string value of expr as a command. For example, system(″tail ″
$1) calls the tail command, using the string value of $1 as the file that tail
examines. The standard command interpreter runs the command, as
discussed in the Portability, and the exit status returned depends on that
command interpreter.
User-defined functions
You can define your own functions using the form:
function name(parameter-list) {
statements
}
A function definition can appear in the place of a pattern {action} rule. The
parameter-list argument contains any number of normal (scalar) and array variables
separated by commas. When you call a function, awk passes scalar arguments by
value, and array arguments by reference. The names specified in parameter-list are
local to the function; all other names used in the function are global. You can define
local variables by adding them to the end of the parameter list as long as no call to
the function uses these extra parameters.
A function returns to its caller either when it runs the final statement in the function,
or when it reaches an explicit return statement. The return value, if any, is specified
in the return statement (see Actions).
Patterns
A pattern is a regular expression, a special pattern, a pattern range, or any
arithmetic expression.
BEGIN is a special pattern used to label actions that awk performs before reading
any input records. END is a special pattern used to label actions that awk performs
after reading all input records.
You can give a pattern range as:
pattern1,pattern2
This matches all lines from one that matches pattern1 to one that matches pattern2,
inclusive.
If you omit a pattern, or if the numeric value of the pattern is nonzero (true), awk
runs the resulting action for the line.
awk
Chapter 2. Shell command descriptions 41