Medikal Teknik Haziran 2021

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frequency increases with age, it is more common in diabetic
patients compared to non-diabetic patients. Its treatment
is surgery.
As the name suggests, diabetic retinopathy is a number of
disorders that develop in the retina layer of the eye due
to diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy should be examined in 3
categories.
1) Non-proliferative retinopathy is the initial stage of
diabetic retinopathy. Here, bleeding has started behind the
eyes, but it does not pose a major problem yet. Prevention
of vision loss is one of the most important situations by
following the patients at this stage closely and applying
their treatments when necessary. Since patients do not
have visual complaints during this period, they are usually
recognized by physicians during a routine eye examination.
2) Macular edema, on the other hand, is a condition that
considerably reduces vision due to the accumulation of fluid
in the area where visual receptor cells are concentrated in
the retina center. In parallel with the increase in edema,
vision decreases, and when the edema decreases, vision
improves. However, if the edema continues for a long
time, the vision may not improve at the same rate even if
the edema is reduced with treatment. Therefore, if this
condition is detected, treatment should be applied quickly.
3) Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is one of the most
serious eye problems of diabetes. New vessels are formed
on the retina due to circulatory disorders in the retinal
layer. These veins are not as healthy as the true veins of
the retina. They are fragile and prone to bleeding. If these
retinal hemorrhages fill the eye, vision may disappear
completely and highly critical surgeries may be required.
In addition, these circulatory disorders and bleeding in the
retina can cause highly problematic and difficult to control
glaucoma types. This can cause not only vision problems,
but also pain in the eyes that are difficult to control.
Treatments related to the effects of diabetes on
retinopathy can be divided into 3 groups as laser
treatments, intraocular injections and vitrectomy surgeries.
durumunda tedavi ile ödem azaltılsa da görme aynı oranda
düzelmeyebilir. Bu nedenle bu durum tespit edilmesi
durumunda hızlıca tedavi uygulanmalıdır.
3) Proliferatif diyabetik retinopati ise diyabetin en ağır göz
problemlerinden biridir. Retina tabakasındaki dolaşım
bozukluğuna bağlı retina üzerinde yeni damarlar oluşur.
Bu damarlar retinanın gerçek damarları gibi sağlıklı
değildir. Kırılgandır ve kanamaya meyillidirler. Bu retina
kanamaları göz içerisini doldurursa görme tamamen
gidebilir ve oldukça kritik ameliyatlara ihtiyaç duyulabilir.
Ayrıca retinadaki bu dolaşım bozukluğu ve kanamalar
oldukça sorunlu ve kontrolü zor olan glokom türlerine
sebep olabilir. Bu durum da sadece görme problemine değil
gözlerde kontrolü zor olan ağrılara da neden olabilir.
Diyabetin retinopati üzerindeki etkilerine ilişkin tedaviler
lazer tedavileri, göz içi enjeksiyonlar ve vitrektomi
ameliyatları olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrılabilir.
Haziran - June 2021