Securities Activities of Banks in the GLB Era - Cleary Gottlieb Steen ...
Securities Activities of Banks in the GLB Era - Cleary Gottlieb Steen ...
Securities Activities of Banks in the GLB Era - Cleary Gottlieb Steen ...
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G. NASD Developments<br />
mixed-product arrangement, it will likely be more difficult for<br />
a bank to establish a good faith belief that such an<br />
arrangement provides an <strong>in</strong>dividual a mean<strong>in</strong>gful option to<br />
satisfy <strong>the</strong> condition associated with <strong>the</strong> arrangement solely<br />
through <strong>the</strong> purchase <strong>of</strong> traditional bank products without a<br />
detailed analysis <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>dividual’s f<strong>in</strong>ancial needs and<br />
capabilities.<br />
1. NASD Notice to Members No. 02-64 (September 2002) (<strong>the</strong> “NASD<br />
Ty<strong>in</strong>g Notice”) expressed concern about <strong>the</strong> practice <strong>of</strong> ty<strong>in</strong>g<br />
commercial credit to <strong>in</strong>vestment bank<strong>in</strong>g and noted that ty<strong>in</strong>g issues<br />
usually arise <strong>in</strong> three contexts: (a) bridge loans <strong>in</strong> which <strong>the</strong> loan is<br />
<strong>in</strong>tended to be repaid out <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> proceeds <strong>of</strong> a bond <strong>of</strong>fer<strong>in</strong>g;<br />
(b) backup credit facilities that support a company’s issuance <strong>of</strong><br />
commercial paper; and (c) syndicated loans. The NASD cautioned its<br />
members that aid<strong>in</strong>g and abett<strong>in</strong>g a violation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> BHCA by an<br />
affiliated bank would violate “just and equitable pr<strong>in</strong>ciples <strong>of</strong> trade.”<br />
a. The NASD concluded that a threat by a broker-dealer to<br />
discont<strong>in</strong>ue research coverage <strong>of</strong>, and stop mak<strong>in</strong>g a market<br />
<strong>in</strong>, stock <strong>of</strong> an issuer if <strong>the</strong> issuer did not select <strong>the</strong> brokerdealer<br />
for <strong>in</strong>vestment bank<strong>in</strong>g services on terms desired by <strong>the</strong><br />
broker-dealer but not wanted by <strong>the</strong> issuer was “<strong>in</strong>consistent<br />
with high standards <strong>of</strong> commercial honor and just and<br />
equitable pr<strong>in</strong>ciples <strong>of</strong> trade” required by NASD Rule 2110.<br />
See Letter <strong>of</strong> Acceptance, Waiver and Consent re U.S.<br />
Bancorp Piper Jaffray (No. CAF020020) (July 2002).<br />
b. O<strong>the</strong>r NASD Rules could also have implications <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> ty<strong>in</strong>g<br />
context. See, e.g.:<br />
(i) Rule 113: NASD Rules “shall be <strong>in</strong>terpreted . . . so as<br />
to require that all practices <strong>in</strong> connection with <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>vestment bank<strong>in</strong>g and securities bus<strong>in</strong>ess shall be<br />
just, reasonable and not unfairly discrim<strong>in</strong>atory”.<br />
(ii) Rule 2120: “No member shall effect any transaction<br />
<strong>in</strong>, or <strong>in</strong>duce <strong>the</strong> purchase or sale <strong>of</strong> any security by<br />
37