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Espiritismo: Puerto Rican Mediumship & Magic

by Hector Salva

by Hector Salva

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Chapter 2<br />

THE BIRTH OF<br />

ESPIRITISMO<br />

In the mid-1800s, Spain issued a law that gave people a greater degree of<br />

personal religious freedom than ever before. Across Europe, the Catholic<br />

Church was losing some of its hold over people as well. As a result,<br />

freemasonry societies, esoteric schools, and Spiritualism gained popularity<br />

all over the continent. It was at this time that a new philosophy and esoteric<br />

spiritualistic practice known as Spiritism (<strong>Espiritismo</strong> in Spanish) emerged.<br />

Spiritism shared many of the aspects of Spiritualism. It provided a<br />

method of communicating with the spirit world. Both practices used<br />

séances to communicate with spirits from the “other side.” The difference<br />

between them was the purpose of those communications. Spiritists also<br />

believed in one God, the reincarnation of spirits, various planes of<br />

existence, and the ability of spirits to interact with people. They focused on<br />

the power of this communication and interaction to help humanity develop<br />

consciously and socially.<br />

Spiritism teaches that certain individuals have or can develop the<br />

powers to communicate with the spirit world. These individuals are known<br />

as mediums, or espiritistas, and they communicate with the spirits through<br />

séances—meetings at which people attempt to contact the dead or the spirits<br />

in order to get answers from the “other side.” These séances came to be<br />

known as sessiones in Spanish.<br />

Among its practitioners, Spiritism was considered the “scientific”<br />

method of spirit communication. Thus, it was not regarded as a religion at

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