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340<br />

Kevin A. McCabe and Vernon L. Smith<br />

will find much higher (often-sustainable) contributions to the public good, and<br />

that this will occur even though the subjects themselves are not informed as to<br />

the nature of the assignment rule. The data support this hypothesis. The four<br />

highest contributors experience high group contributions and find it natural to<br />

reciprocate; the four lowest contributors observe others behaving like themselves<br />

and free riding is more frequent.<br />

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Ameden, H., A. Gunnthorsdottir, D. Houser, and K. McCabe. 1999. Free-riders and<br />

cooperative decay in public goods experiments. Working Paper. Economic Science<br />

Lab., Univ. of Arizona.<br />

Axelrod, R. 1984. The Evolution of Cooperation. New York: Basic.<br />

Axelrod, R. 1997. The Complexity of Cooperation: Agent-Based Models of Competition<br />

and Cooperation. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton Univ. Press.<br />

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Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.<br />

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goods games. Working Paper. Dept. of Management, Univ. of Pennsylvania.<br />

Hoffman, E., K. McCabe, and V. Smith. 1998. Behavioral foundations of reciprocity:<br />

Experimental economics and evolutionary psychology. Econ. Inq. 36(3):335-352.<br />

Kuhn, H.W. 1953. Extensive games and the problem of information. In: Contributions to<br />

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McCabe, K. 1989. Fiat money as a store of value in an experimental market. J. Econ.<br />

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McCabe, K., and V. Smith. 1999. Strategic analysis by players in games: What<br />

information do they use? Economic Science Lab., Univ. of Arizona.<br />

New York Times. 1998. Opportunism on the Internet. Nov. 12.<br />

North, D. 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change, and Economic Performance.<br />

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Orbell, J., and R. Dawes. 1993. Social welfare, cooperator's advantage, and the option of<br />

not playing the game. Am. Sociol Rev. 58:787-800.<br />

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Press.<br />

Schelling, T. 1960. Strategies of Conflict. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.

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